2. 1. Why was there an increase in URBANIZATION in the mid-1800s?

3. 2. What is a monopoly? Monopolies: a company that controls or dominates an industry

4. 3. Why did businesses form monopolies and trusts? INCREASE PROFITS BY ELIMINATING COMPETITION

5. THE ECONOMY FUNCTIONS BEST WHEN THE GOVERNMENT DOES NOT INTERFERE IN BUSINESS 4. What is the economic theory of laissez faire?

6. Robber Baron: American businessmen of the late 1800's who became wealthy by unethical means. 5. Why were big businessmen of the 19th century sometimes called robber barons? THEY USED RUTHLESS BUSINESS TACTICS AGAINST THEIR COMPETITORS

7. 6. What was President Theodore Roosevelt’s policy toward monopolies and trusts? GOOD TRUSTS MUST BE CONTROLLED; BAD TRUSTS BROKEN UP

8. 7. What was the Sherman Antitrust Act? REGULATE THE POWER OF BIG BUSINESS

9. 8. Why did many factory owners use child labor? CHILDREN COULD BE PAID LESS THAN ADULTS

10. 9. Why did parents let their children work, often under very dangerous conditions? THEY NEED THE MONEY

11. 10. Which tragic event in NYC led to the passage of laws that created safer working conditions?

12. 11. What was the major demands of unions in the late 1800s? LABOR UNIONLABOR UNION: an organization of workers formed for the purpose of getting its members‘ better wages, and working conditions.

13. 12. What is a muckraker? MUCKRAKERS exposed corruption and abuses in society by publishing articles and books.

14. 13. What problem did the 1906 publication of Upton Sinclair’s book The Jungle help expose? The Jungle by Upton Sinclair exposed the unsanitary conditions in the meat-packing industry.

15. 14. What were the results of "THE JUNGLE"? 1.Congress passed the Meat Inspection Act of 1906 2.Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

16. 15. What was the focus of the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848? Group of men and women gathered in Seneca Falls, NY in 1848 to discuss the second class status of women.

17. 16. Which document was the first to specifically propose equal rights for American women?

18. 17. How were the temperance movement and the woman’s suffrage movement similar? ACHIEVE REFORM BY SUPPORTING A CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT

19. 18. What is a suffragist? SUFFRAGIST: A person who fights for a woman's right to vote

20. 19. Which long-awaited goal of the women’s rights movement was achieved during the Progressive Era?

21. 20. State one way the ideas found in the Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments was different from the ideas found in the Declaration of Independence.

22. 21. Why was Susan B. Anthony arrested in 1872?

23. 22. What constitutional amendment gave women the right to vote?

24. 23. Why are women often classified as a minority even though they make up more than half of the U.S. population? they have traditionally been denied equal opportunity

25. 24. What were President Theodore Roosevelt’s views about conservation? Wilderness areas and their resources should be protected for the public good.

26. 25. Who is the naturalist that helped conserve land in the United States? People call him the “Father of the American Natural Parks" John Muir