1. Confidence Physical Vocal

2. How do you know that you know how to do something? How do you gain a skill?

3.  Gained through practice & repetition  Tips Read aloud as you write the speech.  Allows you to learn as you go and check how it sounds. Practice so that it flows.  Look away from notes, make eye contact  Won’t lose your place Frequent speaking

4.  Control what you can control!! Time The written speech Your delivery  Your appearance: Dress for success

5. The eyes are the windows to the soul.

6.  Enthusiasm Show it!  Relax Keep hands out of your pockets and don’t lean or grip the lectern.  Be prepared Fussing with your hair or face gives the impression you are not prepared. Pull your hair back if it is an issue.

7.  Eye contact We want to see you seeing us. Displays confidence and caring.  Appropriate movement Shuffling of feet or standing on one foot conveys lack of purpose. Be sure you move confidently and appropriately.

8. How you say it matters!

9.  Vocal training The voice is basic to your craft. Your voice should be audible and flexible. Training begins by taking care of your voice.  Trained Ear Learn to listen to the varied ways that voice is projected.

10.  Quality Quality is the basic characteristic which distinguishes your voice from any other.  Pitch Pitch is the highness or lowness of your voice.

11.  Volume The intensity, strength, or force with which sound is made. Varying volume on individual words within the dialogue helps to communicate meaning.

12.  Rate Rate is the speed at which you talk. Speak slow enough to be understood and yet rapid enough to keep the audience’s attention.  Articulation The act of uttering clear, distinct syllables. Most inaudibility results not from lack of volume but from lack of clarity. Work on enunciation.

13.  Pronunciation Correct pronunciation means accurately producing the speech sounds with proper division into syllables and correct accent or stress.  Diction The selection and pronunciation of words and their combinations in speech.

14.  A speaker’s voice must be flexible and audible.  The degree of relaxation determines the beauty of the voice and carrying power of the vowel sounds.

15.  In inflection you change from one pitch level to another within a single word or sentence.  Resonance is the tone produced when sound waves strike the open cavities of the head.  Monotone may be caused by a person’s inability to hear pitch changes and a lack of vocal flexibility.

16.  The physical stuff The diaphragm is a flat muscle separating the chest from the abdominal cavity. The mouth, nose, throat and sinuses are resonators. The tongue, teeth, jaw and lips are articulators.