1. Po Leung Kuk Ma Kam Ming College Wong Sui Bun

2. Background : CMI school Students are in general weak in English English enrichment programme is conducted in Junior Forms

3. Topic: F.3 Absorption of food Villi

4. Example 1 Expansion of ideas

5. What is going on? absorb food What is doing it? The small intestine s

6. What part of the small intestine does it? the small intestine absorb food The villi of

7. The villi of the small intestine absorb food. What kind of food? ∧ simple and soluble

8. The villi of the small intestine absorb simple and soluble food into the blood Where is the food absorbed to? How is it happening? rapidly.

9. The villi of the small intestine into the blood rapidly simple and soluble absorb food

10. Doer Action Where and How? Where and How? Done to The villi of the small intestine absorb simple and soluble food into the blood rapidly

11. digest of the small intestine The enzymes into simple and soluble food substances Doer Action Done to food HOW?

12. emulsify in bile Bile salts fat into fat droplets Doer Action Done to HOW?

13. Worksheet

14. Example 2 Reinforcing passive voice in subject context

15. Doer food The small intestine the small intestine absorbed Doer absorbs Done to Action Done to food is is by by Helping Words

16. digest Enzymes of the small intestine food DoerDone to Food Doer into simple and soluble food substances. Done to digested is is by by Enzymes of the small intestine into simple and soluble food substances. Helping Words

17. Example 3 Nominalization

18. Original formNominalized form digest to Digestion absorbAbsorption secreteSecretion emulsifyemulsification

19. Spoken formWritten form Because to Lead to AsResult in SinceAttribute to soas a result

20. SpokenBile can emulsify fat into small oil droplets so that fat can be digested more efficiently. WrittenEmulsification of fat by bile leads to efficient digestion of fat.

21. SpokenVilli provide a large surface area to absorb food rapidly. WrittenThe large surface area provided by the villi results in rapid absorption of food.

22. Example 4 Foregrounding Nominalization

23. Foregrounding the cause 1.Owing to the large surface area provided by the villi, the rate of food absorption is increased. 2.Because of the large surface area provided by the villi, the rate of food absorption is increased.

24. Foregrounding the result 1.The rapid absorption of food is a result of the large surface area provided by the villi. 2.The rapid absorption of food can be attributed to the large surface area provided by the villi.