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Published byCharity Valerie Hoover Modified over 9 years ago
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Newton’s Laws Force and Motion
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Newtonian Mechanics The relationship between a force and the acceleration it causes was first described by Isaac Newton (1642- 1727). Although Newtonian mechanics are able to describe most interactions, they do not apply to all situations. For very large speeds (an appreciable fraction of the speed of light), we must use Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity. On an atomic scale, we must use quantum mechanics.
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Newton’s 1 st Law If there is no net force on an object, it will not accelerate (or its velocity will not change). In more familiar words: An object at rest will stay at rest unless acted on by a net force; likewise an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted on by a net force.
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What is a force? Forces are generally defined as something that causes a change in an objects motion (acceleration). Categorized as either contact forces or field forces
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Newton’s 2 nd Law
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Newton’s 3 rd Law For every force, there is an equal and opposite force. When two objects interact, the forces on the objects from each other are always equal in magnitude but opposite in direction.
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Common Forces Gravitational Normal Tension Friction
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Gravitational Force
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Mass and Inertia Mass is the measure of how much matter makes up an object. An object’s mass determines its ability to resist a change in its state of motion (an acceleration) -- Inertia
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Normal Force The normal force on an object is the reaction force caused by contact between the object and another surface. The normal force is always perpendicular to the contact surface.
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Tension When a cord is attached to an object and pulled taut, a force is exerted on (and away) from the object, because the cord is said to be under tension. The cord is often defined as massless and unstretchable.
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Friction
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Frictional Force Lab
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