1. Nutrient Notes Biology 131

2. Carbohydrates F: Quick Energy - Major source of energy used by cells B: Glucose (Simple Sugars) **Starch = many glucose molecules** -Part of cell structures

3. Protein F: -Build cell parts -Growth & repair of muscles and other tissues - Structure: skin, muscles -Makes enzymes B: Amino Acids (20)

4. Fats F: Stored Energy -Form part of cell structure -Protect internal organs -Insulation (body heat) B: Smaller Fat Droplets (Fatty Acids)

5. Vitamins F: Help with chemical reactions Vitamin A = skin, hair, night vision Vitamin D = bones Vitamin E & K = look at pg. 511 What about vitamin supplements?

6. Minerals F: Help body to function *Not made by living things* *Small amounts ONLY* Calcium - Bones Iron - Blood Potassium & Sodium – Nerve Function

7. Water F: Dissolve and carry nutrients and waste around the body ( Nutrients can be carried where they’re needed) Cools the body down

8. Guess the amount of water in the following foods….. Watermelon? Fish? Hot Dog? Pizza Bread? 60% 55% 45% 25%

9. ENZYMES Definition: A protein that helps to speed up a reaction Clues: most have the ending –ase in their name Who will cross the finish line first?

10. The Winner !!! Both traveled the same distance The bike helped him finish FASTER The bike is an Enzyme Examples: LactaseLipasePepsin