1. IRA Irish Republican Army

2. GOAL: All of Ireland should be an independent republic Political violence was necessary to achieve this goal

3. FOUNDED: The old/original IRA fought in the War of Independence The Provisional IRA was formed because of the outbreak of «the Troubles» in 1969 In 1997 members of (P)IRA who did not accept the peace process split off to form Real IRA

4. WHERE? Operated mostly in Northern Ireland Used violence against the Royal Ulster Constabulary and the British Army, British institutions and economic targets. They also killed members of the Irish Army and Police

5. ENEMIES 1.Ulster Volunteer Force UVF 2.Ulster Defence Assosiation UDA 3.The British Army 4.The RUC/police

6. WHY? «The Troubles 1969-98» The conflict is between Unionists/loyalists, who are mostly Protestants and consider themselves British - > they want to remain within the UK versus Nationalists/republicans, who are mostly Roman Catholics and view themselves as Irish. -> They want to leave the UK to join a united Ireland

7. «The Troubles» The Catholics wanted to end the discrimination against them. The Protestants/unionists dominated the government and the police force.

8. Civil Rights Movement – what were they fighting for? An end to job discrimintation An end to discriminations in housing allocation One man – man vote (only householders could vote in local elections) An end to gerrymandering of electoral boundaries Reform the police force, over 90% were Protestants. They were criticised for secterianism and police brutality To end that police could search without a warrant, arrest and imprison people without charge or trial

9. ENDED Ended with the Good Friday Agreement in 1998: Result: Decomissioning of IRA Reform the police Withdraw the British Army from the streets Northern Ireland would remain within the UK unless a majority of the Northern Irish electorale vote otherwise Power-sharing government 2005 – IRA had handed in all the weapons