1. The Eye Michael Hall PhD University of California Los Angeles University of California Los Angeles

2. Lens Cornea Pupil Iris Retina Sclera Eyelid

3. Meibomian glands Meibomian glands Levator muscle Levator muscle Orbicularis muscle Orbicularis muscle Conjunctiva Lacrimal gland Eyelids

4. Ducts TearsTears

5. CorneaCorneaIrisIris LensLens FoveaFovea ChoroidChoroid ScleraSclera RetinaRetina Optic nerve Anterior chamber Vitreous gel LimbusLimbus Central retinal Artery and vein Central retinal Artery and vein ScleraSclera Posterior chamber Ciliary body

6. Cornea Sclera (Covered by conjunctiva)

7. Limbus Sclera (Covered by conjunctiva)

8. LimbusLimbusSclera(Opaque)Sclera(Opaque) Cornea(transparent)Cornea(transparent) Blood vessels Anterior chamber

9. EpitheliumEpitheliumEndotheliumEndothelium Bowmans membran e Bowmans Descemets Descemets

10. Opaque cornea

11. Transplanted cornea

13. LasikLasik Near sighted- Cornea is too curved --so it is made flatter Far sighted- Cornea is too flat --so it is made steeper Near sighted- Cornea is too curved --so it is made flatter Far sighted- Cornea is too flat --so it is made steeper

14. Iris Pupil

15. Iris

16. Sphincter muscle Dilator muscle Iris Parasympathetic) (Parasympathetic) (Sympathetic)(Sympathetic)

17. Iris Sphincter muscle Pupil Lens

19. Epithelium

20. Lens Aqueous humor Lens is avascular --nutrition is from aqueous humor Lens is avascular --nutrition is from aqueous humor

24. Lens SuspensoryligamentsSuspensoryligaments

25. Suspensory ligaments A B

26. Ciliary processes ligaments Ciliary muscle (parasympathetic)

27. Posterior chamber Anterior chamber Schlemm’s canal Aqueous humor Production of Aqueous Humor Ciliary processes Aqueous humor nourishes the avascular lens and cornea and maintains pressure in the anterior chamber Cornea

28. Posterior chamber Anterior chamber Schlemm’s canal blocked blocked Aqueous humor GlaucomaGlaucoma Causes in IOP& death of ganglion cells Causes in IOP& death of ganglion cells Ciliary processes

30. Retina Vitreous humor

31. Retina Light

32. Rods & Cones Bipolar cells Ganglion cells Nerve fibers (axons) Nerve fibers (axons) Pigment Epithelium Muller cells

33. Outer segment Inner segment Nucleus Synaptic terminal Connecting cilium Rod Cone

34. Cones (6 x 10 6 ) Rods (120 x 10 6)

35. R G B 7007700 700 400 Wavelength (nm)

36. Cones ConesCones ConesCones Rods & Fovea of retina

37. Macular Degeneration

38. Retina Choroid Sclera (blood vessels and capillaries) (blood vessels and capillaries) Pigment epithelium Pigment epithelium

39. Optic nerve

40. Nerve fiber layer Ganglion cells

41. Arachnoid with subarachnoid space Arachnoid with subarachnoid space Pia Optic nerve Dura Central artery Central vein Septae Nerve fascicles Nerve fascicles

42. R G B 7007700 700 400 Wavelength (nm)