1.  Bozeman VIDEO LESSON

2.  INTRODUCTION- [0:00-2:04] 1-IDENTIFY: What did Mendel work with? -pea plants 2-EXPLAIN why pea plants are good organisms for studying genetics. -# characteristics -many offspring from 1 pod

3.  PUNNETT SQUARES- [2:04-5:21] 3-IDENTIFY: What is the P cross? -parents [pure “true” traits] 4-IDENTIFY: What is the F1 cross? -1 st filial [1 st generation offspring] 5-DESCRIBE the incorrect idea of ‘blending”. -traits blend @ all times / NOT true 6-DEFINE hybrid- -different alleles -Tt [dominant & recessive allele]

4.  PUNNETT SQUARES- [2:04-5:21] 7- EXPLAIN the purpose of Punnett Squares [2] -predict outcomes - % offspring for the trait -track genotypes / phenotypes 8-DRAW the set-up for a Punnett Square. MALE [where does the male / female info go?] FEMALE

5.  MENDEL’s LAWS- [5:21- 7:38] 9-DEFINE: Law of SEGREGATION -alleles separate during MEIOSIS 10-PROVIDE an example -offspring gets Y or y from parent with Yy 11-DEFINE: Law of INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT -alleles sort independently during MEIOSIS 12-PROVIDE an example -2 traits are NOT attached – yellow/round / yellow wrinkled / green round / green wrinkled

6.  PROBABILITY Method developed by Dr. Reginald Punnett in the early 1900s -used to predict possible genetic combination of alleles. -allele combinations inherited are like the probability of flipping coins- it is an estimated outcome DEFINE probability: -likleyhood of event occurring -chance of something happening

7.  SAMPLE PROBLEMS [8:04-13:01]  PROBLEM #2 13-DEFINE: heterozygous _________________________ PROVIDE an example- ______ 14-DEFINE: homozygous _________________________ PROVIDE an example- ______ 15-DEFINE: allele Different alleles Same alleles Rr / Yy RR / rr / YY / yy specific trait / form of gene

8.  SAMPLE PROBLEMS [8:04-13:01]  PROBLEM #3 16-EXPLAIN how geneotype and phenotype differ. -genes - shown in allele pair -trait - physical appearance 17-PROVIDE an example of genotype __________ and phenotype_______________ from the given problem. Yy YY YELLOW

9.  SAMPLE PROBLEMS [8:04-13:01]  PROBLEM #4- What is the probability of Rr x Rr producing wrinkled seeds? 18-DETERMINE how many offspring will be: ROUND _____wrinkled _____ 19-IDENTIFY the possible GENOTYPE(s) of the round offspring? ______ ______ 31 RRRr RR RR Rr Rr rr

10.  SAMPLE PROBLEMS [8:04-13:01]  PROBLEM #5 -What is the probability of Yy x yy producing green seeds? 20-IDENTIFY the PHENOTYPE of the Yy seed ______________ yy seed ______________ yellow green 2:2 1:1 50% RR Yy yy

11.  SAMPLE PROBLEMS [8:04-13:01]  PROBLEM #6 – DIHYBRID practice problem. 21- EXPLAIN a simple way you can figure out a cross with 2 given traits. -2 simples crosses -law of multiplication RR RR Rr Rr rr Yy yy

12.  DISEASE [13:01-16:04] 23- PROVIDE an example of genotype for a DOMINANT trait ______ or ______ 24- PROVIDE an example of a genotype for a RECESSIVE trait ______ HH Hh hh

13.  PROBABILITY/COIN TOSS DEMONSTRATE the probability of inheritance of genes by flipping coins. -probability of a coin landing on heads when flipped once is ½ = 50% -probability of 2 coins landing on heads when flipped once is\ ½ x ½ = ¼ 25% PREDICT the probability of tossing 2 coins at the same time _____-having them both land on heads (HH) _____-having then both land on tails (TT) _____-have 1 land on heads and 1 land on tails (HT) 1/4 2/4 1/4

14.  PROBABILITY: COIN TOSS  Take 2 pennies and toss them at the same time for 100 trials. BOTH heads (HH) 1HEAD/1TAIL (HT) BOTH tails (TT) TOTAL __________ __________ __________ IDENTIFY the RATIO of your results for 100 tosses- _____:_____:_____ HH HT TT EXPLAIN how is probability used in the study of genetics? -used to determine the possibilities of offspring having a certain trait. 112