1. Chapter 25 - The Digestive System $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100$100$100 $200 $300 $400 $500 Overview / Oral Cavity The Pharynx and the Esophagus The Stomach The Small and Large Intestines Accessory Glandular Digestive Organs FINAL ROUND

2. Topic 1: $100 Question The pancreas and much of the duodenum are examples of which of the following types of abdominal organs? a. tertiary intraperitoneal organs b. secondary intraperitoneal organs c. tertiary retroperitoneal organs d. secondary retroperitoneal organs BACK TO GAME ANSWER

3. Topic 1: $100 Answer The pancreas and much of the duodenum are examples of which of the following types of abdominal organs? a. tertiary intraperitoneal organs b. secondary intraperitoneal organs c. tertiary retroperitoneal organs d. secondary retroperitoneal organs BACK TO GAME

4. Topic 1: $200 Question In which digestive tract layers are pacesetter cells found? a. lamina propria and muscularis mucosae b. muscularis mucosae and muscularis externa c. muscularis externa and submucosa d. submucosa and muscularis mucosae BACK TO GAME ANSWER

5. Topic 1: $200 Answer In which digestive tract layers are pacesetter cells found? a. lamina propria and muscularis mucosae b. muscularis mucosae and muscularis externa c. muscularis externa and submucosa d. submucosa and muscularis mucosae BACK TO GAME

6. Topic 1: $300 Question The stomach and liver are examples of which of the following? a. intraperitoneal organs b. retroperitoneal organs c. interperitoneal organs d. secondarily retroperitoneal organs BACK TO GAME ANSWER

7. Topic 1: $300 Answer The stomach and liver are examples of which of the following? a. intraperitoneal organs b. retroperitoneal organs c. interperitoneal organs d. secondarily retroperitoneal organs BACK TO GAME

8. Topic 1: $400 Question Which of the following structures extend(s) from the soft palate to the side of the pharynx, and consist(s) of a mucous membrane, muscle, and associated tissues? a. palatoglossal arches b. fauces c. uvula d. palatopharyngeal arches BACK TO GAME ANSWER

9. Topic 1: $400 Answer Which of the following structures extend(s) from the soft palate to the side of the pharynx, and consist(s) of a mucous membrane, muscle, and associated tissues? a. palatoglossal arches b. fauces c. uvula d. palatopharyngeal arches BACK TO GAME

10. Topic 1: $500 Question Which of the following is a type of tooth with one or two roots, and have flattened crowns with prominent ridges, used for crushing, mashing, and grinding? a. cuspids b. bicuspids (premolars) c. molars d. canines BACK TO GAME ANSWER

11. Topic 1: $500 Answer Which of the following is a type of tooth with one or two roots, and have flattened crowns with prominent ridges, used for crushing, mashing, and grinding. a. cuspids b. bicuspids (premolars) c. molars d. canines BACK TO GAME

12. Topic 2: $100 Question Only smooth muscle fibers are found in the muscularis externa of which portion of the esophagus? a. superior middle b. middle third c. inferior third d. superior half BACK TO GAME ANSWER

13. Topic 2: $100 Answer Only smooth muscle fibers are found in the muscularis externa of which portion of the esophagus? a. superior middle b. middle third c. inferior third d. superior half BACK TO GAME

14. Topic 2: $200 Question Pharyngeal muscles cooperate with muscles of the oral cavity and esophagus to initiate which process? a. micturition b. segmentation c. peristalsis d. deglutition BACK TO GAME ANSWER

15. Topic 2: $200 Answer Pharyngeal muscles cooperate with muscles of the oral cavity and esophagus to initiate which process? a. micturition b. segmentation c. peristalsis d. deglutition BACK TO GAME

16. Topic 2: $300 Question Which structure is also known as the cardiac sphincter? a. upper esophageal sphincter b. pyloric sphincter c. esophageal hiatus d. lower esophageal sphincter BACK TO GAME ANSWER

17. Topic 2: $300 Answer Which structure is also known as the cardiac sphincter? a. upper esophageal sphincter b. pyloric sphincter c. esophageal hiatus d. lower esophageal sphincter BACK TO GAME

18. Topic 2: $400 Question Which phase of the swallowing process is strictly voluntary, and begins with the compression of the bolus against the hard palate? a. buccal phase b. esophageal phase c. pharyngeal phase d. oral phase BACK TO GAME ANSWER

19. Topic 2: $400 Answer Which phase of the swallowing process is strictly voluntary, and begins with the compression of the bolus against the hard palate? a. buccal phase b. esophageal phase c. pharyngeal phase d. oral phase BACK TO GAME

20. Topic 2: $500 Question Which esophageal layer may be very thin or absent near the pharynx, but gradually thickens to 200-400 µm as it approaches the stomach? a. circular muscle layer of muscularis externa b. skeletal muscle layer of muscularis mucosae c. smooth muscle layer of muscularis mucosae d. longitudinal muscle layer of muscularis externa BACK TO GAME ANSWER

21. Topic 2: $500 Answer Which esophageal layer may be very thin or absent near the pharynx, but gradually thickens to 200-400 µm as it approaches the stomach? a. circular muscle layer of muscularis externa b. skeletal muscle layer of muscularis mucosae c. smooth muscle layer of muscularis mucosae d. longitudinal muscle layer of muscularis externa BACK TO GAME

22. Topic 3: $100 Question Which of the following cells produce gastrin, a substance which stimulates secretory activity and enhances smooth muscle activity? a. parietal cells b. enteroendocrine cells c. beta cells d. chief cells BACK TO GAME ANSWER

23. Topic 3: $100 Answer Which of the following cells produce gastrin, a substance which stimulates secretory activity and enhances smooth muscle activity? a. parietal cells b. enteroendocrine cells c. beta cells d. chief cells BACK TO GAME

24. Topic 3: $200 Question Which of the following cells of the stomach, common along the proximal portions of each gastric gland, secrete intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid? a. parietal cells b. chief cells c. beta cells d. acini BACK TO GAME ANSWER

25. Topic 3: $200 Answer Which of the following cells of the stomach, common along the proximal portions of each gastric gland, secrete intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid? a. parietal cells b. chief cells c. beta cells d. acini BACK TO GAME

26. Topic 3: $300 Question Which of the following cells are not innervated by postganglionic parasympathetic cells? a. mucous cells b. chief cells c. parietal cells d. enteroendocrine cells BACK TO GAME ANSWER

27. Topic 3: $300 Answer Which of the following cells are not innervated by postganglionic parasympathetic cells? a. mucous cells b. chief cells c. parietal cells d. enteroendocrine cells BACK TO GAME

28. Topic 3: $400 Question Which blood vessel supplies the lesser curvature and cardia of the stomach? a. left gastric artery b. common hepatic artery c. splenic artery d. gastroduodenal artery BACK TO GAME ANSWER

29. Topic 3: $400 Answer Which blood vessel supplies the lesser curvature and cardia of the stomach? a. left gastric artery b. common hepatic artery c. splenic artery d. gastroduodenal artery BACK TO GAME

30. Topic 3: $500 Question Which of the following cells of the stomach, found at the base of each gastric pit, actively divide to replace superficial cells that are shed continuously into the chyme? a. chief cells b. enteroendocrine cells c. mucous cells d. parietal cells BACK TO GAME ANSWER

31. Topic 3: $500 Answer Which of the following cells of the stomach, found at the base of each gastric pit, actively divide to replace superficial cells that are shed continuously into the chyme? a. chief cells b. enteroendocrine cells c. mucous cells d. parietal cells BACK TO GAME

32. Topic 4: $100 Question Which of the following structures are transverse folds found in the small intestine whose presence greatly increases the surface area available for absorption? a. rugae b. villi c. taeniae coli d. plicae circulares BACK TO GAME ANSWER

33. Topic 4: $100 Answer Which of the following structures are transverse folds found in the small intestine whose presence greatly increases the surface area available for absorption? a. rugae b. villi c. taeniae coli d. plicae circulares BACK TO GAME

34. Topic 4: $200 Question In which portion of the small intestine are large masses of lymphoid tissue, known as aggregated lymph nodules or Peyer’s patches, most abundant? a. proximal portion of duodenum b. terminal portion of jejunum c. proximal portion of ileum d. terminal portion of ileum BACK TO GAME ANSWER

35. Topic 4: $200 Answer In which portion of the small intestine are large masses of lymphoid tissue, known as aggregated lymph nodules or Peyer’s patches, most abundant? a. proximal portion of duodenum b. terminal portion of jejunum c. proximal portion of ileum d. terminal portion of ileum BACK TO GAME

36. Topic 4: $300 Question Which of the following statements regarding the histology of the large intestine is/are false? a. Goblet cells are much more abundant than they are in the small intestine. b. The wall of the intestine is relatively thick, and the diameter of the colon is approximately three times that of the small intestine. c. Large lymphoid nodules are scattered throughout the lamina propria and extend into the submucosa. d. None of the statements is false. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

37. Topic 4: $300 Answer Which of the following statements regarding the histology of the large intestine is/are false? a. Goblet cells are much more abundant than they are in the small intestine. b. The wall of the intestine is relatively thick, and the diameter of the colon is approximately three times that of the small intestine. c. Large lymphoid nodules are scattered throughout the lamina propria and extend into the submucosa. d. None of the statements is false. BACK TO GAME

38. Topic 4: $400 Question The ascending colon is secondarily ____, and its lateral and anterior surfaces are covered by ____. a. retroperitoneal, visceral peritoneum b. intraperitoneal, visceral peritoneum c. intraperitoneal, adventitia d. retroperitoneal, adventitia BACK TO GAME ANSWER

39. Topic 4: $400 Answer The ascending colon is secondarily ____, and its lateral and anterior surfaces are covered by ____. a. retroperitoneal, visceral peritoneum b. intraperitoneal, visceral peritoneum c. intraperitoneal, adventitia d. retroperitoneal, adventitia BACK TO GAME

40. Topic 4: $500 Question Which portion of the digestive tract is intraperitoneal, and is suspended by a mesentery as it curves posterior to the urinary bladder? a. descending colon b. rectum c. transverse colon d. sigmoid colon BACK TO GAME ANSWER

41. Topic 4: $500 Answer Which portion of the digestive tract is intraperitoneal, and is suspended by a mesentery as it curves posterior to the urinary bladder? a. descending colon b. rectum c. transverse colon d. sigmoid colon BACK TO GAME

42. Topic 5: $100 Question Which hepatic phagocytic cells, also known as stellate reticuloendothelial cells, engulf pathogens, cell debris, and damaged blood cells, and also engulf and retain any heavy metals that are absorbed by the digestive tract? a. chief cells b. Kupffer cells c. parietal cells d. hepatocytes BACK TO GAME ANSWER

43. Topic 5: $100 Answer Which hepatic phagocytic cells, also known as stellate reticuloendothelial cells, engulf pathogens, cell debris, and damaged blood cells, and also engulf and retain any heavy metals that are absorbed by the digestive tract? a. chief cells b. Kupffer cells c. parietal cells d. hepatocytes BACK TO GAME

44. Topic 5: $200 Question The gallbladder functions in ____ and bile modification, and bile ejection occurs under stimulation of the hormone ____. a. bile storage, bilirubin b. bile production, cholecystokinin c. bile production, bilirubin d. bile storage, cholecystokinin BACK TO GAME ANSWER

45. Topic 5: $200 Answer The gallbladder functions in ____ and bile modification, and bile ejection occurs under stimulation of the hormone ____. a. bile storage, bilirubin b. bile production, cholecystokinin c. bile production, bilirubin d. bile storage, cholecystokinin BACK TO GAME

46. Topic 5: $300 Question Which of the following structures empties into the duodenum? a. common bile duct b. cystic duct c. common hepatic duct d. right and left hepatic ducts BACK TO GAME ANSWER

47. Topic 5: $300 Answer Which of the following structures empties into the duodenum? a. common bile duct b. cystic duct c. common hepatic duct d. right and left hepatic ducts BACK TO GAME

48. Topic 5: $400 Question Each pancreatic acinus is lined by which tissue type? a. stratified cuboidal epithelium b. stratified squamous epithelium c. simple cuboidal epithelium d. simple columnar epithelium BACK TO GAME ANSWER

49. Topic 5: $400 Answer Each pancreatic acinus is lined by which tissue type? a. stratified cuboidal epithelium b. stratified squamous epithelium c. simple cuboidal epithelium d. simple columnar epithelium BACK TO GAME

50. Topic 5: $500 Question Cholecystokinin (CCK) causes ____ of the hepatopancreatic sphincter, and ____ of the gallbladder. a. relaxation, relaxation b. contraction, relaxation c. contraction, contraction d. relaxation, contraction BACK TO GAME ANSWER

51. Topic 5: $500 Answer Cholecystokinin (CCK) causes ____ of the hepatopancreatic sphincter, and ____ of the gallbladder. a. relaxation, relaxation b. contraction, relaxation c. contraction, contraction d. relaxation, contraction BACK TO GAME

52. FINAL ROUND Question Peristaltic waves can be initiated by afferent and efferent fibers within which nerves? a. glossopharyngeal or phrenic b. phrenic, vagus, or pelvic c. glossopharyngeal, vagus, or pelvic d. phrenic, glossopharyngeal, or vagus BACK TO GAME ANSWER

53. FINAL ROUND Answer Peristaltic waves can be initiated by afferent and efferent fibers within which nerves? a. glossopharyngeal or phrenic b. phrenic, vagus, or pelvic c. glossopharyngeal, vagus, or pelvic d. phrenic, glossopharyngeal, or vagus BACK TO GAME