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Published byAdam Underwood Modified over 8 years ago
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Eukaryotic Cells vs. Prokaryotic Cells
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Cell Theory The cell theory states that: All living things are made of one or more cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things. All cells come from other cells.
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Cell Types Two categories: 1. Eukaryotic Cells - Cells that have membrane- bound organelles 2. Prokaryotic Cells -Cells that do NOT have membrane-bound organelles -Single celled organisms such as bacteria
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Cell Types Eukaryotic cells- Cells that contain organelles which are held together by membranes Examples include plant and animal cells.
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Overview of Organelles Nucleus- Largest organelle in the cell and it is the most inner compartment of the cell contains chromatin (DNA); genetic information on strands called chromosomes “control center” for cell metabolism and reproduction
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Overview Cont’d Ribosomes- make proteins; thought of as “factories” Cytoplasm- clear gel like fluid inside the cell, which suspends all organelles
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Mitochondria- often referred to as the “powerhouse” of the cell release energy for the cell It converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP for the cell
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Eukaryotic plant cell Plant cells are also Eukaryotic cells, but plant cells contain some organelles that are not found in animal cells.
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Plant Cell Organelles Cell wall- rigid wall outside the plasma membrane. It provides the cell with extra support. Chloroplasts- captures light and energy; and converts it into chemical energy.
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Eukaryotic Cell Structure The plasma membrane/cell membrane the flexible boundary of a cell separates a cell from its surroundings
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Plasma Membrane/Cell Membrane continued: allows water, nutrients, and waste into and out of the cell This is referred to as selective permeability. *(Selective=Chooses, Permeability=filter through)* keeping a healthy balance of nutrients and water within the cell is called homeostasis
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