1. An effort towards transforming the tears into smile … By Elena Pagallo, Mohammad Dagar and Saswati Debnath. saswatiest64@gmail.com mohd_daghar@yahoo.com It should never hurt to be a child: Case studies from India and Kenya

2.  Objective.  Understanding the concept of child.  A brief discussion on violations on child.  The case studies on India and Kenya.  To create a forum, where we the peace and development student can contribute in changing these situations.  A brief discussion Comida del mundo. Agenda of presentation

6. Who is child ?  Prevailing definitions on child.  The politics behind it.

7. Rights at Stake  Survival rights.  Development rights.  Participation Rights.  Protection Rights.

8.  Child labor.  Slum and migrant children.  Street children.  Children who are neglected and treated as juvenile offenders.  Children who are physically or mentally challenged.  Destitute children. Specific issues in Indian Context

12.  Drug addicts.  Children in prostitution.  Children of prostitutes.  Children of prisoners.  Refugee children.  Children in war.  Children in natural disasters. Children caught in unfortunate circumstances

13. Socio- economic conditions creating effecting childhood in Indian context  Gender discrimination.  Rights of child are always mediated by adults.

16. The Hope Foundation Work with street Children & Vulnerable communities Programmes of HOPE FOUNDATION:  Protection  Education  Health Care  Income Generation and Poverty Alleviation  Capacity Building  Research & Documentation

17. Income Generation & Poverty Alleviation  Micro credit & Self Help Groups  2 Vocational Training Centers  2 Enhanced Skill Development & Production Units for Women  Income generation program for Trafficked Victims to mainstream them into society

18. HOPE VALUES Respect for human dignity Working in partnership Transparency Accountability Secularism Gender Equality Non-violence Innovation

19. Lets Transform tears into smile…. ….. it should never hurt to be a child

20. Hababa's Home: The Forgotten children

21. Location

22. History Pre-history-Giant crocodile fossils, Homo habilis/erectus/sapiens Pre-history-Giant crocodile fossils, Homo habilis/erectus/sapiens Pre-colonial history-from northern Africa 2000BCE, Arab world 1CE, Nilotic-Bantu 3/4 Pre-colonial history-from northern Africa 2000BCE, Arab world 1CE, Nilotic-Bantu 3/4 Colonial history-IBEAC in 1888, 1963 independence Colonial history-IBEAC in 1888, 1963 independence Post-colonial history-3 presidents to date. Post-colonial history-3 presidents to date.

23. Children in Kenya The backbone to any society is its children. The backbone to any society is its children. Orphans; due to death of one or both parents by HIV/AIDS or other diseases Orphans; due to death of one or both parents by HIV/AIDS or other diseases Simply parents ignoring children Simply parents ignoring children Street children Street children Affected by “curable” diseases; Malaria, Diarrhoea Affected by “curable” diseases; Malaria, Diarrhoea Malnutrition diseases; Marasmus, Kwashiorkor. Malnutrition diseases; Marasmus, Kwashiorkor. The number of children affected by acute malnutrition rose to 281,000 up from approximately 105,000 children at the beginning of the year 2010 (UNICEF). The number of children affected by acute malnutrition rose to 281,000 up from approximately 105,000 children at the beginning of the year 2010 (UNICEF).

24. Hababa’s Children Home Change of location Change of location Day scholars (200 kids) and boarders (70kids) Day scholars (200 kids) and boarders (70kids) Boarders our main concerns Boarders our main concerns 18kg of rice/wheat a day 18kg of rice/wheat a day 4 teachers (hired) who teach the kids during the day 4 teachers (hired) who teach the kids during the day Other things necessary e.g. stationary, mattresses Other things necessary e.g. stationary, mattresses

25. The urgency of making it sustainable Involved members, a contribution of KES500=€5 Involved members, a contribution of KES500=€5 Facebook group discussion on how to make it sustainable. Facebook group discussion on how to make it sustainable. Various ideas, various do ‘able’ projects Various ideas, various do ‘able’ projects Chicken rearing Chicken rearing

26. As peace students  Practicality starts with you  Think locally act locally  Giving back to the community

27. Lets create a better future for them…….