1. Learning Theory Matrix Leanne Suttles 12/17/2011 Learning Theory Matrix Leanne Suttles 12/17/2011

2. BehavioristTheoryCognitiveTheoryConstructivistTheory Social Learning Theory ConnectivismAdultLearning How Does Learning Occur? How Does Learning Occur? How Does Learning Occur? How Does Learning Occur? How Does Learning Occur? How Does Learning Occur? What Factors influence learning? What Factors influence learning? What Factors influence learning? What Factors influence learning? What Factors influence learning? What Factors influence learning? What is the role of memory? What is the role of memory? What is the role of memory? What is the role of memory? What is the role of memory? What is the role of memory? How does transfer occur? How does transfer occur? How does transfer occur? How does transfer occur? How does transfer occur? How does transfer occur? What types of learning are best explained by this theory? What types of learning are best explained by this theory? What types of learning are best explained by this theory? What types of learning are best explained by this theory? What types of learning are best explained by this theory? What types of learning are best explained by this theory? How is technology used for learning in your industry? How is technology used for learning in your industry? How is technology used for learning in your industry? How is technology used for learning in your industry? How is technology used for learning in your industry? How is technology used for learning in your industry?

3. Behaviorism: Learning is “changes in either the form or frequency of observable behavior (Ertmer & Newby, 1993).” (Byrne, 2011) (Byrne, 2011) (Byrne, 2011) Learning occurs when a proper response follows a specific stimulus. a proper response follows a specific stimulus. The response must be observable. Associations are made with consequences and reinforcements. The response must be observable. Associations are made with consequences and reinforcements. the instructor is responsible for learning to occur. the instructor is responsible for learning to occur. (Byrne, 2011) How Does Learning Occur? Main Menu

4. Behaviorism: What Factors Influence Learning? A Stimulus is presented. If a proper Response is given, then learning occurs. When a response is followed by reinforcement, the response is likely to occur again. (Byrne, 2011) (Byrne, 2011) Main Menu

5. Memory is not addressed in Behaviorism, because it is not observable. (Byrne, 2011) (Byrne, 2011) Memory is not addressed in Behaviorism, because it is not observable. (Byrne, 2011) (Byrne, 2011) Main Menu

6. Behaviorism: How Does Transfer Occur? Transfer is the result of generalizations. The learner must be presented with situations that involve identical or similar features. (Pearson, 2010) (Pearson, 2010) Transfer is the result of generalizations. The learner must be presented with situations that involve identical or similar features. (Pearson, 2010) (Pearson, 2010) Main Menu

7. Behaviorism (Pearson, 2011) (Pearson, 2011) (Pearson, 2011) What types of learning are best explained by Behaviorism? Discrimination Recalling facts Generalizations Defining and illustrating concepts Associations Applying explanations Chaining Automatically performing a specified feature Main Menu

8. Drill and Practice (Green, 09)Green, 09

9. Cognitivism: How Does Learning Occur? Mental Activity: Internal coding and structuring by the learner Change occurs in state of knowledge (Gunderson, 2009)Gunderson, 2009 Main Menu

10. Cognitivism: What factors influence learning?  Environmental conditions  Practice with corrective feedback  Processes of mental planning, goal-setting, and organizational strategies  The way learners attend to, code, transform, rehearse, store and retrieve information  Learners’ thoughts, beliefs, attitudes, and values (Peggy A. Ertmer, 1993)Peggy A. Ertmer, 1993) Main Menu

11. Cognitivism: What is the Role of Memory?  Information is organized and stored in a meaningful manner  The Learner needs to relate new information to prior knowledge (Peggy A. Ertmer, 1993)Peggy A. Ertmer, 1993  Information is organized and stored in a meaningful manner  The Learner needs to relate new information to prior knowledge (Peggy A. Ertmer, 1993)Peggy A. Ertmer, 1993 Main Menu

12. Cognitivism: How Does Transfer Occur? Transfer occurs when the learner understands how to apply knowledge in different contexts (Peggy A. Ertmer, 1993)Peggy A. Ertmer, 1993) Main Menu

13. What Types of Learning are Best Explained by Cognitivism? Complex reasoning problem-solving information processing Communicate & Transfer knowledge in an efficient manner: simplify standardize : analyze- decompose- simplify into basic building blocks- eliminate irrelevant information (Peggy A. Ertmer, 1993)Peggy A. Ertmer, 1993) Main Menu

14. o Connect new information to prior knowledge o Example: K-W-L charts allow students to make personal and meaningful connections to their prior experience Arrange practice with feedback so new information is effectively and efficiently assimilated or accommodated with the learner’s cognitive structure Webs give students immediate feedback according to the information being requests. Students are able to express ideas in their own words thereby allowing them to connect assimilate the information according to their own cognitive structure Main Menu

15. Constructivism: How Does Learning Occur? Learning is an active process of creating meaning from different experiences. (Kim, 2001)Kim, 2001 Learning is an active process of creating meaning from different experiences. (Kim, 2001)Kim, 2001 Main Menu

16. Constructivism: What Factors Influence Learning? The Learner Learning Environment Learning Environment (Kim, 2001)Kim, 2001

17. Ability to construct knowledge Ability to connect new information to prior knowledge Memory Main Menu

18. Transfer ability to process knowledge connect to prior experiences Main Menu Constructivism: How Does Transfer Occur? (Abbot, 2010) (Abbot, 2010) (Abbot, 2010) Constructivism: How Does Transfer Occur? (Abbot, 2010) (Abbot, 2010) (Abbot, 2010)

19. Constructivism: Types of Learning Learner- Centered Instruction Reflect and make connections with prior knowledge Hypothesize, question, investigate, imagine, invent Creating meaning and knowledge Main Menu What Types of Learning are best explained by Constructivism? (Abbot, 2010) (Abbot, 2010) (Abbot, 2010)

20. CommunicationCreate and Record InformationAccess and Retrieve Information Main Menu

21. Social Learning Theory: How Does Learning Occur? (Pearson, 2010) (Pearson, 2010) (Pearson, 2010) Main Menu

22. AttentionRetention Motor Reproduction Motivation Main Menu

23. Memory ModelingObservation Main Menu

24. The Learner makes generalizations The Learner recognizes similarities of the new stimuli Main Menu

25. Social SkillsAthletic SkillsAppropriate Social & Emotional BehaviorAttitudesValues & Morality Main Menu

26.  The use of technology, within the Social Learning Theory, is a Constructivist approach.  Learners construct meaning through experience.  Learning is…  Interactive  Authentic  Learner-Centered (Pearson, 2010)Pearson, 2010 Main Menu

27. Technological Social Interpersonal Main Menu

28. Variety & Extent of Learning Networks Main Menu

29. DISCERNING THE NETWORKORDERING THE CHAOS Main Menu (BEACH, 2009(BEACH, 2009)

30. Current Network NurtureMaintainAdd to Main Menu

31. Analysis & Problem Solving Analysis & Problem Solving (Beach, 2009)Beach, 2009) Analysis & Problem Solving Analysis & Problem Solving (Beach, 2009)Beach, 2009) Main Menu

32. Interactive Learning Collaboration ResearchInformation Management Main Menu

33. Connectivism Self-Directed

34. Purpose of LearningRelevance of Subject Matter Main Menu

35. Adult Learning: Memory Adults relate new information to prior knowledge (Conlan, 2003) (Conlan, 2003) Adults relate new information to prior knowledge (Conlan, 2003) (Conlan, 2003) Main Menu

36. Adult Learning: Transfer Adults apply knowledge through experience (Conlan, 2003) (Conlan, 2003) Adults apply knowledge through experience (Conlan, 2003) (Conlan, 2003) Main Menu

37. Information Processing Problem-Solving Reasoning Higher Order Skills Main Menu

38. Interactive Learning CollaborationResearch Authentic Learning Learner- Centered Learning High Quality Learning Main Menu

39. Abbot, L. (2010). Social Learning Theory. Retrieved 12 1, 11, from TeachNet: http://teachnet.edb.utexas.edu/~Lynda_abbot/Social.html http://teachnet.edb.utexas.edu/~Lynda_abbot/Social.html Beach, S. (2009, 8). The Fabric of Community- The Key to Transforming Education. Retrieved 12 6, 11, from 21st Century Learning : http://21stcenturylearning.typepad.com/blog/2009/08/the-fabric-of- community-the-key-to-transforming-education.html http://21stcenturylearning.typepad.com/blog/2009/08/the-fabric-of- community-the-key-to-transforming-education.html Byrne, D. B. (2011). Behaviorism. Retrieved 12 5, 2011, from Electronic Educational Village: Long Island University: http://eev.liu.edu/know_base/behavior.htm http://eev.liu.edu/know_base/behavior.htm Abbot, L. (2010). Social Learning Theory. Retrieved 12 1, 11, from TeachNet: http://teachnet.edb.utexas.edu/~Lynda_abbot/Social.html http://teachnet.edb.utexas.edu/~Lynda_abbot/Social.html Beach, S. (2009, 8). The Fabric of Community- The Key to Transforming Education. Retrieved 12 6, 11, from 21st Century Learning : http://21stcenturylearning.typepad.com/blog/2009/08/the-fabric-of- community-the-key-to-transforming-education.html http://21stcenturylearning.typepad.com/blog/2009/08/the-fabric-of- community-the-key-to-transforming-education.html Byrne, D. B. (2011). Behaviorism. Retrieved 12 5, 2011, from Electronic Educational Village: Long Island University: http://eev.liu.edu/know_base/behavior.htm http://eev.liu.edu/know_base/behavior.htm

40. Conlan, J. G. (2003). Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. Retrieved November 29, 2011, from Adult Learning: http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Adult_Learning#Biogr aphy_-_Malcolm_Knowles http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Adult_Learning#Biogr aphy_-_Malcolm_Knowles Cook, J. (2010). A Constructivist Approach to Online Course Design to Enhance Interaction and Learner Motivation in K-12. Retrieved 12 6, 11, from ED Tech Boise State University: https://sites.google.com/a/boisestate.edu/edtechtheories/a- constructivist-approach-to-online-course-design-to-enhance-interaction- and-learner-motivation-in-k-12 https://sites.google.com/a/boisestate.edu/edtechtheories/a- constructivist-approach-to-online-course-design-to-enhance-interaction- and-learner-motivation-in-k-12 Conlan, J. G. (2003). Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. Retrieved November 29, 2011, from Adult Learning: http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Adult_Learning#Biogr aphy_-_Malcolm_Knowles http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Adult_Learning#Biogr aphy_-_Malcolm_Knowles Cook, J. (2010). A Constructivist Approach to Online Course Design to Enhance Interaction and Learner Motivation in K-12. Retrieved 12 6, 11, from ED Tech Boise State University: https://sites.google.com/a/boisestate.edu/edtechtheories/a- constructivist-approach-to-online-course-design-to-enhance-interaction- and-learner-motivation-in-k-12 https://sites.google.com/a/boisestate.edu/edtechtheories/a- constructivist-approach-to-online-course-design-to-enhance-interaction- and-learner-motivation-in-k-12

41. Davis, C. E.-B. (2008). Connectivism. Retrieved 11 28, 2011, from Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology: http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Connectivism http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Connectivism Gray, A. (97, 7). Contructivist Teaching and Learning. Retrieved 12 6, 11, from Contructivist Teaching and Learning : http://saskschoolboards.ca/research/instruction/97-07.htm http://saskschoolboards.ca/research/instruction/97-07.htm Green, D. M. (09, 7). Behaviorism and Technology in the Modern Classroom. Retrieved from A Teacher Effects Eternity: http://derrickmgreen.wordpress.com/2009/07/07/behaviorism-and- technology-in-the-modern-classroom/ http://derrickmgreen.wordpress.com/2009/07/07/behaviorism-and- technology-in-the-modern-classroom/ Davis, C. E.-B. (2008). Connectivism. Retrieved 11 28, 2011, from Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology: http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Connectivism http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Connectivism Gray, A. (97, 7). Contructivist Teaching and Learning. Retrieved 12 6, 11, from Contructivist Teaching and Learning : http://saskschoolboards.ca/research/instruction/97-07.htm http://saskschoolboards.ca/research/instruction/97-07.htm Green, D. M. (09, 7). Behaviorism and Technology in the Modern Classroom. Retrieved from A Teacher Effects Eternity: http://derrickmgreen.wordpress.com/2009/07/07/behaviorism-and- technology-in-the-modern-classroom/ http://derrickmgreen.wordpress.com/2009/07/07/behaviorism-and- technology-in-the-modern-classroom/

42. Grow, G. O. (1994, 8). Serving the Strategic Reader: Reader Response Theory and It's Implications for the Teaching of Writing. Retrieved 12 5, 11, from Qualitative Division of the Association for Educators in Journalism and Mass Media: http://www.longleaf.net/ggrowhttp://www.longleaf.net/ggrow Gunderson, G. (2009). Cognitive Approaches to Learning. Retrieved 12 12, 11, from Cognitive Approaches to Learning: http://sites.wiki.ubc.ca/etec510/Cognitive_Approaches_to_Learning#Ho w_Learning_Occurs http://sites.wiki.ubc.ca/etec510/Cognitive_Approaches_to_Learning#Ho w_Learning_Occurs Kim, B. (2001). Social Constructivism. Retrieved November 22, 2011, from A Review of Social Constructivism: http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Social_Constructivism #Sorting_Out_Variations_on_the_Terms_.22Constructionism.22_and_Con structivism.22 http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Social_Constructivism #Sorting_Out_Variations_on_the_Terms_.22Constructionism.22_and_Con structivism.22 Grow, G. O. (1994, 8). Serving the Strategic Reader: Reader Response Theory and It's Implications for the Teaching of Writing. Retrieved 12 5, 11, from Qualitative Division of the Association for Educators in Journalism and Mass Media: http://www.longleaf.net/ggrowhttp://www.longleaf.net/ggrow Gunderson, G. (2009). Cognitive Approaches to Learning. Retrieved 12 12, 11, from Cognitive Approaches to Learning: http://sites.wiki.ubc.ca/etec510/Cognitive_Approaches_to_Learning#Ho w_Learning_Occurs http://sites.wiki.ubc.ca/etec510/Cognitive_Approaches_to_Learning#Ho w_Learning_Occurs Kim, B. (2001). Social Constructivism. Retrieved November 22, 2011, from A Review of Social Constructivism: http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Social_Constructivism #Sorting_Out_Variations_on_the_Terms_.22Constructionism.22_and_Con structivism.22 http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Social_Constructivism #Sorting_Out_Variations_on_the_Terms_.22Constructionism.22_and_Con structivism.22

43. Orey, M. (2001). Information Processing. Retrieved 12 12, 11, from Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. Retrieved: http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Information_processi ng http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Information_processi ng Pearson. (2010). Learning Theories and Instruction. In Pearson, Learning Theories and Instruction (p. 162). New York: Pearson Custom Publishing. Peggy A. Ertmer, T. J. (1993). Behaviorism, Cognitivism, Constructivism: Comparing Critical Features from an Instructional Design Perspective. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 50-72. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1937- 8327.1993.tb00605.x/abstract http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1937- 8327.1993.tb00605.x/abstract Orey, M. (2001). Information Processing. Retrieved 12 12, 11, from Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. Retrieved: http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Information_processi ng http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Information_processi ng Pearson. (2010). Learning Theories and Instruction. In Pearson, Learning Theories and Instruction (p. 162). New York: Pearson Custom Publishing. Peggy A. Ertmer, T. J. (1993). Behaviorism, Cognitivism, Constructivism: Comparing Critical Features from an Instructional Design Perspective. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 50-72. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1937- 8327.1993.tb00605.x/abstract http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1937- 8327.1993.tb00605.x/abstract