1. Robert Lassalle-Klein, Ph.D.

2. 1.How do we know about Jesus? 2.Who was Jesus? 3.Who was ruling during life of Jesus, and how did they treat Jesus, his family, and his people? 4.What was the response of Jesus, his family, and the people of Galilee to Roman Rule?

4. Where was he born and where did he live? Who was President (ruling)? What was life like in Nazareth? What do we know about him and his family? What language did he speak? Was he a peasant carpenter? Was he married? Was he a priest, or a layman?

5. Mark 1:24; 10:47; 14:67; 16:6:  John 1:45; 7:52: Jesus from Nazareth, Galilee

6. 1.Jesus disciples seemed to have believed he belonged to the family of David. (2 Tim 2:8; Mk 10:47, 12A:35-37, Heb 7, Rev. 3:7, 5:5; 22:16 2.He spoke aramaic, some Greek, probably no Latin 3.Illiterate?: probably read biblical Hebrew 4.A woodworker in Nazareth 5.Probably travelled some for work and study 6.Had brothers (Mk 3:31-35) and sisters ( (Mk 3:35; 6:3) 7.Was single and celibate 8.Was a lay person; not a priest

10. 1) Julius Caesar (Pompey -49, Crassius -53): 60 BCE- 44 BCE 2) Augustus Caesar (Octavian): -31 BCE to 14 CE 3) Tiberius Caesar: 14 CE to 37 CE

11. Romans ruled Palestine through Jewish Puppets: the Herods 2) Herod Antipas (son) -4,+39 (just Galilee & Perea) 1) Herod the Great –37 to –4 (all Palestine)

12.  Collected taxes  Pacified the Jews  Romanized Hellenized

13. Three major taxes. 1/3-1/2 of harvest went to Herod Antipas/Rome (Stegemann 95/99). One tenth went to the temple for the annual tithe. Every male paid one half silver shekel Temple tax (= 2 denarii; 3 gallons or 1 1/2 peck of common grain).

15. Roman Taxes & the Temple

16. Garden of Gethsemane Jerusalem Across the Kidron Valley

17. Upper City -wealthy priests -Olive Mount -Temple Sanctuary Artifacts: -stone vessels, cups, tables= no ritual impurity -lamps -mosaic No images Reconstruction of Home of Wealthy Priest in Upper City of Jerusalem

18. Herod opened Palestine to the Roman world by constructing Caesarea Maritima.( Crossan, Excavating Jesus) Greek Theatre at Caesaraea, Maritima

19. Sepphoris: residence & capital of Herod Antipas to 19-20 CE Mona Lisa of Galilee

20. Aqueducts of Sepphoris extended to Nazareth, home of Jesus Greek Theatre

22. Pompey Conquers Palestine: 63 BCE Jerusalem destroyed: Bar Kochba War: 132-5 Jewish War Against Rome

23. Destruction of Jerusalem, David Roberts The Sack and Destruction of the Temple (end of priesthood)

24. A.Resisted Romanization by strengthening cultural boundaries B. Resisted Roman taxation/debt by call to restore Jewish land/ people of Israel C. Criticized Temple-Rome Collaboration

25. 1.Jesus= Yesua Joshua son of Num, successor of Moses, leader of the people of Israel into the promised land. 2.Mary= Miriam, name of the sister of Moses 3.Joseph= name of one of 12 sons of Jacob /Israel 4.4 brothers= James, Joses, Simon, Jude= names of patriarches who begot the twelve sons/tribes of Iarael, and three of those 12 sons

26. Sea of Galilee from Mt. of Beatitudes

27. God as father of all Jews, “neighbor” as family; those who believe Jesus brings the Kingdom of God are the true Israel, and his family (Mk 3:31-5) 1.) Jesus Redefined the Family:

28. neighbor helps neighbor; response to disciples of John (Mt 11:4-6, Lk 7:22-3) “blind see, lame walk, lepers cleansed, …poor hear good news…”

29. Neighbor relations defined by justice, mercy, forgiveness (Sermon on Mount: Mt 18:21- 35) 3.) Jesus Reinterpreted the Law/Torah: Mt. of the Beatitudes

30. Neighbor as temple; Kingdom of God & Spirit of Jesus alive in people