1. Warm Up Naming Ions: Aluminum IonCrO 4 2- Ammonium ionBromide ion Ba +2 Carbonate ion Cr +2 Cl - Chromium (III) ionOxide ion Cobalt (II) ionN 3- Cu + Fluoride ion Lithium ionOH - Hydrogen ionIodide ionI-I- PO 4 3- Nitrate ion Fe +3 Se 2-

2. Warm Up Naming Ions: Aluminum IonAl +3 Chromate ionCrO 4 2- Ammonium ionNH 4 +Bromide ionBr- Barium ionBa +2 Carbonate ionCO 3 2- Chromium (II) ionCr +2 Chloride ionCl - Chromium (III) ionCr +3 Oxide ionO 2- Cobalt (II) ionCo +2 Nitride ionN 3- Copper (I) ionCu + Fluoride ionF-F- Lithium ionLi + Hydroxide ionOH - Hydrogen ionH+H+ Iodide ionI-I- Phosphate ionPO 4 3- Nitrate ionNO 3 - Iron (III) ionFe +3 Selenide ionSe 2-

3. Ionic Compounds Puzzle Activity With a partner, you will try to build the ionic compounds assigned to you. Things to think about: your completed compounds should look like rectangles/squares, and shouldn't have any open zig zig sides

4. Writing and Naming Ionic Compounds Monday & Wednesday, January 25/27, 2016

5. Polyatomic Ions Chemical Name Chemical or Molecular Formula Superscript Subscript A covalently bonded group of atoms with a charge that act as one unit The name of a compound or molecule that identifies the elements in it A notation that shows what elements a compound, or molecule, contains & in what ratio those elements exist A number written above an element symbol (Ex. Cl 1- ) The number written below an element symbol (Ex. H 2 O) Important Vocabulary

6. Compounds Atoms form compounds to lower the energy of the atom. They do this by : 1. filling the outer orbitals 2. emptying the outer orbitals or 3. sharing electrons to ‘effectively’ Fill the outer orbitals

7. Two Types of Compounds - IONIC and MOLECULAR When two or more atoms fill or empty their valence shells by the donation or acceptance of electrons, the atoms are held together by ionic charges (+/-) and they form an ionic compound. The attractive force that holds them together is an ionic bond. Ionic Compounds - ions held by ionic bond ALL IONIC COMPOUNDS ARE NEUTRAL This means the sum of the charges of all ions involved must be zero (0)

8. Making Ionic Compounds = Writing ionic Formulas Step #1- Cation is written first Step #2 - All compounds are neutral (sum of the charges = 0) Step #3 - Cross over and down! Step #4- Simplify if necessary Cl - O -2 Fe +3 OH - Ca +2 NH 4 +1 PO 4 -3 Na +1

9. “The Cross Over & Down” Al 3+ O 2- Al 2 O 3 Ca 2+ Cl - Ca Cl 2 Example #1

10. Same Charges (SIMPLIFY) MgO NaCl Example #2 Na + Cl - Mg 2+ O 2- NaCl MgO

11. “The Cross Over & Down” Polyatomic Ions Don’t Forget Parentheses! Al 3+ CrO 4 2- Al 2 (CrO 4 ) 3 Al 3+ CrO 4 2- Al 2 CrO 43 Example #3

12. Practice Writing Ionic Compounds: 1/2 Sheet Numbers 11 - 20

13. Rules for Naming Ionic Compounds: 1. The cation always comes first (dropping the word ‘ion’) The anion name follows with its characteristic ending (again droping the word ‘ion’) Ex) NaCl is an ionic compound made from the Sodium ion (Na + ) and the Chloride ion (Cl - ), therefore: Sodium ion (cation) + Chloride ion (anion) makes Sodium Chloride Ex) (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 is an ionic compound made from the Ammonium ion (NH 4 + ) and the Sulfate ion (SO 4 -2 ), therefore: Ammonium ion (cation) + Sulfate ion (anion) makes Ammonium Sulfate

14. As always special consideration must be given to transition metals because of the ‘d’ orbitals. The Roman Numeral that indicates the charge of the metal must be included in the name FeSO 4 (vs) Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 Iron (II) ion + Sulfate ion (vs) Iron (III) ion + Sulfate ion Iron (II) Sulfate (vs) Iron (III) Sulfate It helps to first identify the ions of a compound, then write the ion names, then finish with the name of the compound.

15. “The Cheerleader Move”… Figure Out What You Started With! Ti 2+ Cl - Ti Cl 2 Titanium (II) chloride Au 3+ O 2- Au 2 O 3 Gold (III) oxide Example #4

16. PRACTICE PROBLEMS: Write the name a. K 2 O b. Na 3 PO 4 c. MgO d. FePO 4

17. PRACTICE PROBLEMS: Write the name a. K 2 O Potassium Oxide b. Na 3 PO 4 Sodium Phosphate c. MgO Magnesium Oxide d. FePO 4 Iron (III) Phosphate

18. Practice Naming Ionic Compounds: 1/2 Sheet Numbers 1 - 10