2. Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.

4. 6:00 By the time I got up, my sister had already washed all the clothes. 现在 7:00

5. Tina’s morning

6. She overslept / slept a long time What happened?

7. someone was taking a shower By the time she got up, her brother had already gotten in the shower.

8. the bus left By the time she got outside, the bus had already left.

9. She was running quickly.

10. left her backpack at home When she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home.

11. Have you ever been late for school? By the time I got to school, the bell had rung. By the time I got to school, the bell had rung. When I got to school ， the teacher had already started teaching.

12. By the time my mother came back home, I had cleaned up the yard. Have you ever done some good deeds? morningafternoon

13. By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. had already left.

14. By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 我出去的时候, 公共汽车已经开走了. by the time 意思是 “ 到 … 的时候 ”, 相当于 when, 后接过去时的句子 时, 主语的谓语动词用过去完成时态.

15. The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时 1. 过去完成时的构成 助动词 had ( 用于各种人称和数 ) + 过去分词 When I got to school, the bell had rung. 2. 过去完成时的用法 : 主要是表示在过去某个时间, 或是动 作之前已经发生或完成的动作. 也就 是过去的过去.

16. The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时 3. 常用的几种方式 : 用介词 by, before 等构成的时间短语. 用连词 when, before, after 或者短语 by the time 引导的时间状语从句. We had learnt 20 English songs by the end of last month. The plane had taken off when I reached the airport. By the time I got up, my brother had left home.

17. 常用动词的过去式和过去分词 play played played work worked worked leave left left say said said go went gone be was/were been take took taken get got gotten start started started

18. break broke broken speak spoke spoken drive drove driven see saw seen eat ate eaten give gave given know knew known grow grew grown

19. 1. We ___________(learn) two thousands words by the time I went to Middle School. 3. When we _______(arrive) at the station, they __________(wait) for more than twenty minutes. had learned arrived had waited 2. I ___________him when I was a student. (know) had known 4. One of the men didn’t move, because he __________ (break) his legs. had broken

20. 5.By yesterday evening he _______________ that important letter.(write) 6.I thought I _______ the man before.(meet) 7.By six o’clock they ____________ for ten hours.(work) 8.I went to Nick’s house,but he ____________ out.(go) 9.I ________________ the problem when class was over. (not understand) had written had met had worked had gone hadn’t understood

21. 口语练习 1.a.I got up. My brother was in the shower already. b.By the time I got up,my brother ____________ in the shower already. 2.a.I ran outside to the bus stop. The bus was gone. b. 3.a.I got home. I realized that my homework was still at school. b. had gotten By the time I ran outside to the bus stop, the bus had already gone. When I got home,I realized that I had left my homework at school.

22. 4.a.I woke up. My clock stopped two hours ago. b. 5.a.I got to the cinema at 8. The film started at 7:30. b. 6.a.I got to the party.Jim went home an hour ago. b. By the time I got to the cinema, the film had already started. By the time I woke up, my clock had stopped for two hours. When I got to the party, Jim had already gone home.

23. 1.What happened to the girl? She overslept this morning. 2.The girl couldn’t go home at noon because she had left her keys at home. 3.When she got to school,her class were not there because they had gone to the city parks. 4.What did she find in math class? She had forgotten to bring her math homework.

24. Translation 1. 我到家时她已经睡了。 By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed. 2. 我没有去，因为我已看过这部电影。 I didn’t go because I had already seen the film.

25. We reached/got to/arrived at the cinema late, the film had already begun/started/been on. 4. 我们到电影院晚了, 电影已经开始了。 3. 到了学校之后，我发现我把书 落在家里了。 After I got to school, I found I had left my book at home.

26. I soon realized that I had made a serious mistake. 6. 不久我意识到自己犯了一个严重的 错误。 5. 等我吃完饭了，新闻已经演完 了。 By the time I finished dinner, the news had ended/ been over.

27. 7. 当我听到妈妈叫我的时候，我知道 我又睡过了。 8. 他说他已经买了一本书。 9. 他打电话的时候, 我已经写完作业了。 When I heard my mother call me, I knew I had overslept. He said that he had bought a book already. When he called, I had finished my homework.

28. One day my mother _________(ask) me to buy some cakes and meat. When I got to the cake shop, it _______ (begin) to rain. And I found the cake shop______________ (close). So I had to ________(run) to the meat shop in the rain. But when I asked for 1 kilo of meat, the boss told me that he _____________ (sell) out all of the meat. Finally I got home with nothing, and I was all wet. It was really a bad day! asked began had been closed run had sold

29. blow away 刮走 get back 拿回 step on 踩到 … 上 dirty 脏的 walking stick by the time upset 沮丧 的

31. Thanks !