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Published byAshlee Matthews Modified over 9 years ago
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Sediment Weathering Erosion Transportation Deposition
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Physical Weathering Breakage of rocks into smaller bits Freeze-thaw Smaller rock bits have more surface area for further breakage Positive feedback loop
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Chemical Weathering Reactions between minerals and water in presence of oxygen Three types of reactions Oxidation Hydration hydrolysis Many minerals are not at equilibrium at Earth’s surface
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Chemical Weathering Materials want to attain chemical equilibrium at Earth’s surface Reactions increase at higher temperatures Efficient reaction requires assembly of reactants and removal of products Smaller grains react more rapidly Positive feedback loop
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Soil Structure zUppermost layers -> Living and decomposed organic material zLower layers -> Weathered (altered) rock debris zRegolith
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Weathering -> Lithologic effects Differential Weathering Carbonate landscapes Carbonate rocks dissolve in acid rain Caves, sinkholes and karst terrain
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Weathering and Plate Tectonics Passive margins Dominated by sedimentation Mature sediments Active Margins Rapid uplift Coarser sediments
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Weathering and climate zArid - slow weathering zArctic - ineffective chemical weathering zTemperate - complex soil profiles zTropical - extensive weathering
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Erosional Agents Rain Wind Rivers Glaciers Ocean waves Gravity
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