1. 제 9 장 < 형용사 비교, 최상급 >

2. 형용사 => (원급 ~ 비교급 ~ 최상급)
{규칙변화}
1. 원급 + -(e)r , -(e)st
ex) tall - taller - tallest , clever - cleverer - cleverest
wise - wiser - wisest , great - greater - greatest
2. 단모음+단자음으로 끝난 말 =>자음 겹쳐 + er, est
ex) big - bigger - biggest , hot - hotter - hottest
3. 자음+y로 끝난 말 => y를 i로 고친 후 + er, est
ex) happy -happier -happiest, early -earlier -earliest
4. 3음절 이상과 -ful, -ous, -able, -less, -ive, -ing 로
끝난 2음절: more , most 사용
ex) diligent - more diligent - most diligent
useful - more useful - most useful
famous - more famous - most famous

3. {불규칙 변화}
( good ) - better - best
( well )
( bad ) - worse - worst
( ill )
(many) - more - most
(much)
little less - least
old - older - oldest (늙고,낡은)
elder - eldest (나이가 위인)
late - later - latest (늦은-시간)
latter - last (뒤의 - 순서)
far - farther - farthest (거리가 먼)
further - furthest (정도가 더한)

4. ◈ (원급) : as (원급) as... => (...만큼 ~ 하다)
1.He is as tall as his brother.
≠ He is not as tall as (= not so tall as) his brother.
The bus is as fast as the train.
2.He walked as fast as possible.(= )
as fast as he could
◈ (비교급) : 비교급 + than
1. He is two years older than I (am old).
Iron is more useful than gold.
He is cleverer than his brother.
(비교 표현 ): He is more clever than wise.
It is more hot than warm.
< 동일人,物 의 다른 성질의 비교는 음절에
관계 없이 more + 원급 + than 의 형태 >

5. 2.비교급 강조:much, far, even, still, a lot:훨씬,한층
This is much bigger than that.
Tom drives far more carefully than Mary.
You are even more beautiful than before.
3. The + 비교급
(a) of the two, of A and B 어구가 있을 때
He is the younger of the two.
Of gold and silver, the former is the more precious.
(b) 이유 부사절(구)가 있을 때
He worked the harder, because she praised him.
I like him the better for his faults.
(C) the+비교급.., the+비교급~ :(..하면 할수록 더 ~하다)
The higher we climb, the colder it becomes.
The sooner, the better.

6. It is getting warmer and warmer day by day.
(d) get, grow, become + 비교급 and 비교급
(점점 더 ~ 하게 되다.)
It is getting warmer and warmer day by day.
She became more and more beautiful.
4. 라틴어계 비교급
superior to ~ (우수한) ≠ inferior to ~ (열등한)
senior to ~ (연상의) ≠ junior to ~ (연하의)
prefer A to B : (B보다 A를 더 좋아하다.)
He is superior to ( me, I ) in every way.
= I am inferior to ( him, he) in every way.
I prefer coffee to tea.
= I like coffee better than tea.

7. I have not more than ten books. (= ) I have not less than ten books.
5. 관용적 표현
He has no more than 100 won.
He has no less than 100 won.
I have not more than ten books.
(= )
I have not less than ten books.
(= )
(=only) : 겨우, 불과
(=as <many,much> as)
: ~ 만큼 이나
I have ten books at most. : 기껏해야
I have at least ten books. : 적어도
※ (not ~ any longer = no longer
not ~ any more = no more): 더 이상 ~ 하지 않다
You are not a child any longer.= You are no longer
a child.
I cannot eat any more. = I can eat no more.
※ (not so much A as B : A라기 보다 오히려 B이다.)
He is not so much a painter as a poet.

8. ◈ (최상급 표현) : < the > + 최상급
1. He is the tallest boy in the class. (~ of his friends.)
2. the 의 생략
a)He runs fastest of all. (부사 최상급)
b)You are my best friend.(최상급 앞에 대(명사)소유격)
c) (1) Summer is the hottest season in the year.
(2) Summer is hottest. (최상급 단독으로 보어)
d) (1) The lake is the deepest one in Korea.
(2) The lake is deepest at this point.(동일人,物 비교)
3. most 의미
This is a most useful book . (매우) (ex) most exciting
Most of his story is not true.(대부분) (ex) most books
I can pay you only 10 dollars at (the) most.(기껏해야)

9. 4. 최상급 표현 (최상급 & 비교급 & 원급)
a) 1.Seoul is the largest city in Korea.
2.=
3.=
4.=
b) 1.Time is the most precious thing of all.
Seoul is larger than any other city in Korea.
No (other) city in Korea is larger than Seoul.
No (other) city in Korea is as large as Seoul.
Time is more precious than any other thing.
(= anything else .)
Nothing is more precious than time.
Nothing(=No other thing) is so precious as time.
(최상급 표현)
1. 최상급 비교급+than+any+other +단수명사
3. 부정주어+비교급+than
4. 부정주어+as(so) +원급+as

10. ◈ ( 기타 최상급 표현 ) ◈
1. as ~ as ever + 동사
He is as great a musician as ever lived.
( 이제까지 그이 이상의 음악가는 없다. )
=> He is the greatest musician that ever lived.
2. as ~ as any
He is as great a musician as any.
=> He is the greatest musician in the world.
3. 부정어 + 비교급
I have never been happier.
=> I am happiest now.