1. Marine case MESEU project Mapping of Ecosystems and their Services in the EU and its Member States (Braat et al) Wadden Sea 19 June, Chris Klok

2. Issues mapping marine ES - 3D structure - Lower coverage and resolution of data - Poorer knowledge of ecosystem function and process quantification compared to terrestrial (Maes et al 2011)

3. Text slide  Line 1 ● Level 2  Line 2 ● Level 2 ● Level 3  Line 3  Line 4 After BBR Inkar and Cowi 2003 Case Wadden Sea World Heritage Site Natura 2000 area Policy challenge: enhance economic development while maintaining ecological quality and integrity of the area.

4. Marina Schiermonnikoog  Case in TEEB NL  Maintenance of Marina  Deposition of dredging sludge in Natura 2000 area

5. Ecosystem map: habitats Natura 2000

6. Ecosystem map: habitats (detail)

7. Ecosystem map: species oystercatcher

8. Ecosystem Service map: recreation

9. Ecosystem Service map: 26 human activities

10. Data for mapping Count data: e.g. species; hikers in tidal areas GIS data: habitats; species (mussel beds) Catch data: e.g. fishery Estimates: e.g. hand cockling; over tiding of vessels Expert data: e.g. specific recreation types (kite surfing)

11. Use Remote Sensing: change in mussel beds position over time Mussel bed Imares report 2012

12. Main challenge Compared to terrestrial systems where ecosystem structure (species) and function, and therefore also ecosystem services, are more or less place based and thus can be pinpointed on spatial maps, the marine system is three dimensional (including the water column) and ecosystems and their services are less easy to pinpoint on two dimensional spatial maps. Spatial constraints are, however, defined for human activities (areas open for specific forms of fishery, lanes for mudflat hiking etc). Maps of human activities (e.g. fishery, mudflat hiking), are therefore a good first step to pinpoint ecosystem services.

13. Questions?