2. Characteristics of the Atmosphere Atmospheric Heating Global Winds and Local Winds Air Pollution Terms to Know 1010010100101001010010100 2020020200202002020020200 3030030300303003030030300 4040040400404004040040400 5050050500505005050050500

3. Question 1 - 10 What are the two major gases in the atmosphere?

4. Answer 1 – 10 Nitrogen & Oxygen

5. Question 1 - 20 What happens to air pressure as altitude increases?

6. Answer 1 – 20 It decreases.

7. Question 1 - 30 What are the divisions of the upper layer of the atmosphere?

8. Answer 1 – 30 Ionosphere and exosphere

9. Question 1 - 40 What are the 4 layers of the atmosphere?

10. Answer 1 – 40 Troposphere, Mesosphere, Stratosphere, and Thermosphere

11. Question 1 - 50 Why does the temperature of different layers of the atmosphere vary?

12. Answer 1 – 50 The composition of the gases in the layer absorb solar energy differently.

13. Question 2 - 10 How much of the sun’s energy is absorbed by the Earth’s surface?

14. Answer 2 – 10 50%

15. Question 2 - 20 What is the term for the process of how the gases in the atmosphere absorb thermal energy & radiate it back to Earth?

16. Answer 2 – 20 Greenhouse Effect

17. Question 2 - 30 What is the transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas?

18. Answer 2 – 30 Convection

19. Question 2 - 40 How do differences in air density cause convection currents?

20. Answer 2 – 40 Cold air is more dense so it sinks and the warm air rises

21. Question 2 - 50 What are the two main human activities that increase the levels of greenhouse gases?

22. Answer 2 – 50 Burning of fossil fuels and deforestation

23. Question 3 - 10 List the 3 types of global winds.

24. Answer 3 – 10 Polar easterlies, Prevailing westerlies, and trade winds

25. Question 3 - 20 List the 4 types of local winds.

26. Answer 3 – 20 Sea, Land, Mountain, and Valley breezes

27. Question 3 - 30 What are the winds that flow towards the poles from W to E between the 30 & 60 degree latitudes?

28. Answer 3 – 30 Prevailing Westerlies

29. Question 3 - 40 What weather do the polar easterlies bring?

30. Answer 3 – 40 Snow and freezing cold

31. Question 3 - 50 Why does sinking air cause areas of high pressure?

32. Answer 3 – 50 Sinking air presses down on the air beneath it

33. Question 4 - 10 How are primary pollutants put into the air?

34. Answer 4 – 10 Directly by human or natural activity

35. Question 4 - 20 Name 2 examples of secondary pollutants.

36. Answer 4 – 20 Smog and ozone

37. Question 4 - 30 What is formed when sunlight reacts with ozone and vehicle exhaust?

38. Answer 4 – 30 Smog

39. Question 4 - 40 What are the 3 sources of human-made air pollution?

40. Answer 4 – 40 Industrial air pollution, indoor air pollution, and transportation.

41. Question 4 - 50 How is acid precipitation formed?

42. Answer 4 – 50 Fossil fuels burn, mix with water vapor, and form sulfuric and nitric acid.

43. Question 5 - 10 In which 2 atmospheric layers does temperature decrease as altitude increases?

44. Answer 5 – 10 Troposphere & Mesosphere

45. Question 5 - 20 What is the transfer of energy as heat through a material? (touching)

46. Answer 5 – 20 Thermal conduction

47. Question 5 - 30 What is the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure?

48. Answer 5 – 30 Wind

49. Question 5 - 40 What is the curving path of an moving object from an otherwise straight path caused by the Earth’s rotation?

50. Answer 5 – 40 The Coriolis Effect

51. Question 5 - 50 What is the contamination of the atmosphere by the introduction of pollutants from human and natural sources?

52. Answer 5 – 50 Air pollution