1. Structure and Motion Ocean Mapping

2. Ocean Basin

6. The ocean floor is not featureless. The ocean floor is not featureless. Many of the features found on the continental land are found in the ocean floor. Many of the features found on the continental land are found in the ocean floor.

7. Ocean Mapping Taking actual measurements of ocean depth is referred to as taking depth soundings. Taking actual measurements of ocean depth is referred to as taking depth soundings.

8. Ocean Mapping Echo Sounding – Sonar (sound, navigation, ranging) Repeatedly bounce a beam of sound waves off the ocean bottom back to the ship. Repeatedly bounce a beam of sound waves off the ocean bottom back to the ship. Delay in return of waves gives an accurate reading of the distance to the bottom. Delay in return of waves gives an accurate reading of the distance to the bottom. Single line of data. Single line of data.

10. Ocean Mapping Multi-Beam Bathymetry Sends out many beams of sound at the same time. Sends out many beams of sound at the same time. Can generate 3D models and virtual reality simulations. Can generate 3D models and virtual reality simulations. Computers record data and can compensate for rocking of boat. Computers record data and can compensate for rocking of boat.

12. Ocean Mapping The technologies help us figure out the elevation of the ocean floor. The technologies help us figure out the elevation of the ocean floor.

13. Ocean Mapping Marianas Trench Expedition Marianas Trench Expedition Marianas Trench Expedition Marianas Trench Expedition