1. Environmental Science Chapter 10 Review Biodiversity – number and variety of species on Earth Biodiversity Treaty – treaty drawn up at the Earth Summit to protect species diversity Ecotourism – tourist experiences among life forms and ecosystems Endangered species – any species likely to become extinct if it is not protected

2. Environmental Science Chapter 10 Review Gene – segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait Germ-plasm bank – storage for germ cells of organisms that may become endangered Habitat conservation plan – plan to protect one or more species in a large tract of land Keystone species – any species that is essential to the health of an ecosystem

3. Environmental Science Chapter 10 Review Poaching – illegal hunting Threatened species – species with a declining population that could become endangered Fungi and insects species make up most of the unknown species. Creating large parks/preserves in biodiversity hotspots is the most effective way for slowing the loss of biodiversity.

4. Environmental Science Chapter 10 Review Tropical rain forests have the greatest number of extinctions. IUCN = International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources – 200 government agencies and 700 private groups. Habitat destruction accounts for most extinctions because organisms are adapted to survive in particular environments.

5. Environmental Science Chapter 10 Review To discourage hunters from hunting other animals, the gray wolf has been reintroduced in certain areas of the northwestern U.S. Digging up an endangered plant in your backyard and selling it is not currently illegal under the Endangered Species Act.

6. Environmental Science Chapter 10 Review Biologists are uncertain about how many species are living on Earth due to many difficult areas to reach have not been explored. Benefits of protecting entire ecosystems preserve all species in it unknown species may inhabit it healthy ecosystems = healthy planet

7. Environmental Science Chapter 10 Review Exotic species threaten ecosystems by using resources may not have any predators native species may be unable to defend themselves Preserving endangered species can lead to conflicts land restrictions reduces profits /housing areas fear of large predators fear of unfamiliar species

8. Environmental Science Chapter 10 Review African Elephants – ivory trade, poaching American Bald Eagle – thinning eggshells, pollution Amphibians – intro of hormones, pollution California Condor – lead poisoning, pollution Florida Panther – housing dev., habitat destruction Honeycreepers – nonnative species, exotic species Lemur – deforestation, habitat destruction Sea Otters – fur trade, hunting

9. Environmental Science Chapter 10 Review Essay topic Some conservationists feared that a complete ban on ivory sales would cause an increase in the poaching of elephants. However, poaching decreased after the ban. Why do you think the complete ban was more effective than limiting ivory sales?