1. Bones Of Head & Neck 1 Prof. Dr. Motaz Shieban Oncology Surgeon, General Surgeon Teacher of Anatomy & Surgery

2. Sutures o Sutures – Immovable joints that join skull bones together o Form boundaries between skull bones o Four sutures: o Coronal – between parietal and frontal o Sagittal– between parietal bones o Lambdoid – between the parietal and occipital o Squamous – between the parietal and temporal Fontanels – usually ossify by 2 years of age

3. Frontal (Coronal) Sagittal Squamous Lambdoid Sutures

4. skull = 22 bones cranium = 8 bones: frontal, occipital, 2 temporals, 2 parietals, sphenoid and ethmoid facial bones = 14 bones: nasals, maxillae, zygomatics, mandible, lacrimals, palatines, inferior nasal conchae, vomer. skull forms a larger cranial cavity -also forms the nasal cavity, the orbits, paranasal sinuses mandible and auditory ossicles are the only movable skull bones cranial bones also: attach to membranes called meninges -stabilize positions of the brain, blood vessels -outer surface provides large areas for muscle attachment that move the head or provide facial expressions The Adult Skull

5. Frontal Parietal Temporal Zygoma Nasal Vomer Maxilla Mandible Frontal View

6. Frontal Nasal Zygoma Maxilla Mandible Parietal Sphenoid Temporal Occipital External Auditory Meatus Mastoid Process Lateral View

7. 14 Facial Bones Nasal (2) Maxillae (2) Zygomatic (2) Mandible (1) Lacrimal (2) Palatine (2) Inferior nasal conchae (2) Vomer (1)

8. Sectional Anatomy of the Skull

10. Paranasal Sinuses o part of the nasal complex o Paired cavities in ethmoid, sphenoid, frontal and maxillary o Lined with mucous membranes and open into nasal cavity though openings called ostia o Resonating chambers for voice, lighten the skull o Sinusitis is inflammation of the membrane (allergy) o infection can easily spread from one sinus to the other through the nasal cavity o can also spread to other tissues frontal sinuses frontal sinuses sphenoid sinuses sphenoid sinuses ethmoid sinuses ethmoid sinuses maxillary maxillary

11. Major cavities of Skull 11

12. Views of the Skull and Landmark Features 12

13. Views of the Skull and Landmark Features 13

14. Views of the Skull and Landmark Features 14

15. Anterior View of the Skull 15

16. Anterior View of the Skull 16

17. Superior View of the Skull 17

18. Posterior View of the Skull 18

19. Lateral View of the Skull 19

20. Sagittal Section 20

21. Inferior View of the Skull 21

22. Superior View of the Skull 22

23. Craniosynostosis 23

24. Passageways within The Skull 24

25. Passageways within The Skull 25