1. Energy Transformations November 7, 2011 Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : DO NOW: “Vocabulary for Quiz 11” 1.Tape in “Vocabulary for Quiz 11” onto page ______ of your comp. book. 2.Begin cutting out the pictures and glue them to the “Energy Changes Forms” handout in the proper order. 3.Label the type of energy in each picture to show the transformation. “Energy Changes Forms” 4.Tape in “Energy Changes Forms” onto page _____ of your comp. book. changes into changes into chemical energy mechanical energy chemical energy mechanical energy

2. Energy Transformations November 7, 2011 Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : Homework and Reminders: Tutorials: Tuesday after school Homework: Study for exam on Block Day

3. Energy Transformations November 7, 2011 Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : Materials: 1.2 wires 2.D cell battery 3.Socket and base 4.Small bulbObservations: Make detailed observations in your comp. book underneath the Do Now. You should include a diagram and a description.

4. Energy Transformations November 7, 2011 Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : Conclusion: 1.Draw a diagram and label the energy transformations observed starting with the battery and ending with the bulb. 2.Describe all energy transformations in complete sentences. 3.Why do you think some batteries last longer than others?

5. Energy Transformations November 7, 2011 Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : Chemical energy Electrical energy Radiant Energy

6. Energy Transformations November 8, 2011 Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : DO NOW: 1.Set up two privacy folders 2.Quietly begin reading the “Battery Reading and Questions” handout.

7. Energy Transformations November 8, 2011 Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : Homework and Reminders: Tutorials: Tuesday after school Homework: “Battery Reading and Questions” Due Block Day

8. Energy Transformations Block Day Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : DO NOW: 1.Have your “Battery Reading and Questions” homework out on your desk. 2.On the next open page in your composition book draw a diagram and label the energy transformations from a battery to a light bulb. Starting with the battery and ending with the bulb.

9. Energy Transformations Block Day Ms. Smith Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : Chemical energy Electrical energy Radiant Energy

10. Energy Transformations Block Day Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : Homework and Reminders: Tutorials: Wednesday during lunchAnnouncements: No school on Friday. Have a great long weekend!

11. Energy Transformations Block Day Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : Question: Can citrus fruits be used as a weak battery because of their acidity?Hypothesis: A ___________ will generate a strong enough electrical current to power a light emitting diode (LED) because it has a __________ pH.Materials: 1.1 citrus fruit per group (lemon, lime, or orange) 2.microammeter 3.mini LED bulbs with 5 cm wire leads 4.galvanized zinc nails 5.copper roofing nails 6.alligator clips (2 per group) 7.electrical tape

12. Energy Transformations Block Day Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : Procedures: 1. Set the fruit on a table and gently roll it around to soften it up. You want the juice to be flowing inside the fruit without breaking its skin. Do not break the skin! 2. Insert the zinc and copper nails into the fruit so that they are about 5 cm apart. You don't want them to be touching each other. Do not let the copper and zinc touch inside your fruit! Do not poke the zinc or copper through the other side of your fruit! 3. Wrap the negative lead (wire coming off of the LED bulb) around the zinc nail. The negative lead will be marked by a small flat spot on the circular base of the LED. Make sure you connect the correct lead to the negative terminal, or YOU WILL BURN OUT THE LED AND YOUR EXPERIMENT WILL NOT WORK! Use electrical tape to keep the wire from falling off the nail. 4. Wrap the other lead (the other wire coming off of the light bulb) around the copper nail. Use electrical tape to keep the wire from falling off the nail. 5. Your bulb should now be lit. 6. You will now use the microammeter to measure the current of your battery. Connect one of the microammeter's terminals to the copper nail with the alligator clip. 7. Connect the other terminal of the micro ammeter terminal to the zinc nail with the alligator clip. 8. Record the current of your fruit battery on the class data table.

13. Energy Transformations Block Day Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : Data: Group Number Fruit pH of Fruit Voltage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

14. Energy Transformations Block Day Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : Data (continued) Title:______________________ Title:______________________ Y axis: _____________ X axis: __________________ X axis: __________________

15. Energy Transformations Block Day Ms. Smith Mrs. Malone : Conclusion ( answer in complete sentences): 1.Which type of fruit made the best battery? Back up your answer with data from the class data table. 2.Why did we use the microameter to measure the current of each fruit battery instead of just comparing the brightness of the bulbs to one another? 3.We used citrus fruits. Which chemical property do citrus fruits have that makes them ideal batteries? 4.What other fruits and vegetables might you try that would work as batteries? 5.How does pH (acidity) affect the fruit battery's strength? 6.Write a conclusion for this lab that summarizes your findings.