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Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint Lectures for Biology: Concepts and Connections, Fifth Edition – Campbell,

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Presentation on theme: "Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint Lectures for Biology: Concepts and Connections, Fifth Edition – Campbell,"— Presentation transcript:

1 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint Lectures for Biology: Concepts and Connections, Fifth Edition – Campbell, Reece, Taylor, and Simon Lectures by Chris Romero Chapter 14 The Origin of Species

2 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 14.0 Mosquito Mystery - Speciation - the emergence of - how do we know that a distinctly new

3 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings In London - two populations of mosquitoes exist with very little In the United States - the two species appeared to hybridize into one species, which How could the mosquitoes behave like two species on one continent and

4 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 14.1 The origin of species - is the source of Microevolution - gradual adaptation of a species to - does not produce Speciation - the origin of new species, is at the

5 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings CONCEPTS OF SPECIES 14.2 Taxonomy - branch of biology naming and - the binomial system was introduced by

6 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings The biological species concept – defines a species as a – whose members can interbreed and

7 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 14.3 Reproductive barriers - isolate a species' gene pool and Pre-zygotic barriers -prevent mating or Temporal isolation: species breed Behavioral isolation: there is no sexual attraction between

8 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Mechanical isolation: female and male sex organs or gametes Gametic isolation: after copulation, gametes

9 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings MECHANISMS OF SPECIATION 14.4 Geographic isolation - can lead In allopatric speciation - a population is - barriers include - emergence of a - subsidence of

10 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Geographic isolation in - led to allopatric - the isolated populations Video: Galápagos Marine Iguana Video: Galápagos Marine Iguana

11 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 14.5 Adaptive radiation - the evolution of many new species from - occurs when mass extinctions provide

12 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Island chains with - are often sites of -14 species of Galápagos finches differ in - evidence indicates that all 14 species evolved from a single small population of Video: Galapágos Islands Overview Video: Galapágos Islands Overview

13 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings TALKING ABOUT SCIENCE 14.6 Evolution of Darwin's finches - natural selection acting on populations of - finch beaks adapted to different food sources

14 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 14.7 Gradualism model - new species evolve by the gradual accumulation of changes - not well supported by most new species seem to appear suddenly in rock strata without

15 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 14.8 Punctuated equilibrium model -periods of rapid - interrupted by long periods of Fossil record shows species changing most as they -and then relatively little for

16 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 14.9 Human evolution Large skull & long childhood provide humans with: - more

17 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Juvenile physical traits - may make adults more - ex: "evolution" of

18 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 14.10 Evolutionary trends - do not imply an intrinsic - if environmental conditions change, an apparent


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