1. HERA – LHC Workshop, June 08 2006 1 Validation of simulation packages in LCG Validation of simulation packages in LCG M. Kirsanov (INR Moscow)

2. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 20062 Plan of the talk LCG Generator project: event generators in the LHC era LCG Generator project: event generators in the LHC era Validation of Geant4 Validation of Geant4

3. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 20063 LCG Generator LCG Generator Florida (Coordination) CERN (Library, Event Interfaces) LCG-Russia (Library, Data Base) LCG-Spain (Framework) Collaboration with independent projects: LCG-UK (Validation, New MCs) Contact persons/Collaborators in MC Projects and LHC Experiments GOAL: to guarantee the generator support for LHC Started May 2003 Long Term Project WP1: GENERATOR SERVICES LIBRARY (GENSER) WP2: EVENT FORMATS AND EVENT INTERFACES WP3: SHARED EVENT FILES: FRAMEWORK & DATA BASE (MCDB) WP4: TUNING AND VALIDATION

4. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 20064 WP1. The LCG Generator Library (GENSER)GENSER  Mandate:  To collaborate with MC authors to prepare LCG Compliant Code  To maintain older MC packages on the LCG supported platforms  Clients:  Addressed to LHC experimentalists and theorists both at CERN and in external laboratories (Other users welcome!) CVS Repository, AFS Distribution MC Packages & Example/Test Package Tested by all the LHC experiments Quarterly Release Scheme + bugfix (“light”) releases once per quarter. GOAL: to replace the obsolete CERN Library for what concerns the Generator Services ATLAS & LHCb PRODUCTIONS RELY ON GENSER CMS Joining… Others welcome Documentation: http://lcgapp.cern.ch/project/simu/generatorhttp://lcgapp.cern.ch/project/simu/generator Savannah Portal: http://savannah.cern.ch/projects/simu/http://savannah.cern.ch/projects/simu/ AFS: /afs/cern.ch/sw/lcg/app/releases/GENSER

5. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 20065 WP1. The GENSER Team Liaisons with authors and LHC experiments ~.25 FTE Liaisons with authors and LHC experiments ~.25 FTE A. Ribon (CERN) based at CERN A. Ribon (CERN) based at CERN P. Bartalini (University of Florida) based at CERN P. Bartalini (University of Florida) based at CERN Coordinator of GENSER Releases (Librarian) ~.25 FTE Coordinator of GENSER Releases (Librarian) ~.25 FTE A. Pfeiffer (CERN) based at CERN A. Pfeiffer (CERN) based at CERN GENSER Integrators & MC Experts ~1FTE GENSER Integrators & MC Experts ~1FTE M. Kirsanov INR (Moscow) Master Integrator M. Kirsanov INR (Moscow) Master Integrator I. Katchaev IHEP (Protvino) Integrator I. Katchaev IHEP (Protvino) Integrator A. Toropin INR (Moscow) Integrator A. Toropin INR (Moscow) Integrator S. Slabospitsky IHEP (Protvino) MC Expert S. Slabospitsky IHEP (Protvino) MC Expert O. Zenin IHEP (Protvino) Integrator (new) O. Zenin IHEP (Protvino) Integrator (new)

6. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 20066 WP1. GENSER status and plans 2006 GENSER_1_3_0 – last major release, March 2006. 27 packages. GENSER_1_3_0 – last major release, March 2006. 27 packages. Pythia8 and Herwig++ inside GENSER (M.Kirsanov) Pythia8 and Herwig++ inside GENSER (M.Kirsanov) Two levels of release tests, development of level 1 (M.Kirsanov, O.Zenin) Two levels of release tests, development of level 1 (M.Kirsanov, O.Zenin) Heavy ions generators: HIJING, PYQUEN, HYDJET Heavy ions generators: HIJING, PYQUEN, HYDJET Release policy and tools (A.Pfeiffer) Release policy and tools (A.Pfeiffer) Number of generators starts to saturate; accent being shifted towards convenience, tests, validation Further development of procedures for Light Bug Fix Releases Further development of procedures for Light Bug Fix Releases Develop the package TESTS Develop the package TESTS User support (versions 1_3_0 – 1_4_0) User support (versions 1_3_0 – 1_4_0) Increase support for Makefiles Increase support for Makefiles Continue testing with gcc 4 Continue testing with gcc 4 Migrate to HepMC in the package TESTS to provide a general approach to c++ and Fortran generators. Migrate to HepMC in the package TESTS to provide a general approach to c++ and Fortran generators. Update of already introduced Sub-package versions Update of already introduced Sub-package versions Requests from the LHC experiments are welcome Requests from the LHC experiments are welcome

7. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 20067 WP1. New compilers gcc4. Default CERN Linux SLC4 is built on it. gcc4. Default CERN Linux SLC4 is built on it. g77 gfortran. Not all Fortran 77 features supported. g77 gfortran. Not all Fortran 77 features supported. Small problems in PYTHIA, a lot of problems with HERWIG (return to label, entry points). GENSER team collaborated with authors. gcc4 compliant versions prepared by GENSER release 1.2.1. Preliminary tests made. Note that platforms with gcc4 are not yet supported by LCG, hence by GENSER, but we prepare to them beforehand Small problems in PYTHIA, a lot of problems with HERWIG (return to label, entry points). GENSER team collaborated with authors. gcc4 compliant versions prepared by GENSER release 1.2.1. Preliminary tests made. Note that platforms with gcc4 are not yet supported by LCG, hence by GENSER, but we prepare to them beforehand Other generators and packages to be tested with gcc4. Work started (Rafael Yaari at CERN) Other generators and packages to be tested with gcc4. Work started (Rafael Yaari at CERN) 64 bits platforms come soon. Tests will be needed (heard about problems with fortran codes) 64 bits platforms come soon. Tests will be needed (heard about problems with fortran codes)

8. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 20068 WP1. Testing Large scale MC productions involve a lot of manpower, they are are expensive A bug in MC generator, depending on its severity, can make a production mostly useless Detailed validation of MC, comparison of distributions with previous versions and data, can take a lot of time. Test thoughroly! Test quickly! Several levels of tests and validations can help

9. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 20069 WP1. Testing Level 0 test. Special script checks the existence of libraries according to definite rules (one, several or no libraries should correspond to the generator (the latter in case of external generator) Level 0 test. Special script checks the existence of libraries according to definite rules (one, several or no libraries should correspond to the generator (the latter in case of external generator) Level 1 test. Dedicated package in GENSER. It compiles one or several applications for each generator to be tested and runs them one by one. Each applications writes some numbers in a file. At the end this file is compared with the standard file, the problems and differences are reported. Level 1 test. Dedicated package in GENSER. It compiles one or several applications for each generator to be tested and runs them one by one. Each applications writes some numbers in a file. At the end this file is compared with the standard file, the problems and differences are reported. Next tests are outside WP1. Additional levels can be used. Next tests are outside WP1. Additional levels can be used. Level 2 tests. Dedicated projects (WP4). Level 2 tests. Dedicated projects (WP4). Level 3 tests. Tests inside the experiments. Level 3 tests. Tests inside the experiments.

10. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200610 WP1. Level 1 testing, more details Dedicated package in GENSER: TESTS, additional dependencies, like ROOT, moved here Dedicated package in GENSER: TESTS, additional dependencies, like ROOT, moved here The results are often correct, but not identical, even if random numbers sequence is repeated: it is Monte Carlo! Need to look for significant changes, taking into account statistical errors. The results are often correct, but not identical, even if random numbers sequence is repeated: it is Monte Carlo! Need to look for significant changes, taking into account statistical errors. Comparison is made by a program. It detects missing results in case of test crash and continue Comparison is made by a program. It detects missing results in case of test crash and continue 10 most important generators out of 27 are now involved in this testing. The work is to be continued. The plans for 2006 are to increase the number of tests by a factor of 4 (at least) 10 most important generators out of 27 are now involved in this testing. The work is to be continued. The plans for 2006 are to increase the number of tests by a factor of 4 (at least) The full testing takes about 1 hour (shared and archive libraries are tested separately, generators with HEPEVT common block with sizes 10000 and 4000 also separately) The full testing takes about 1 hour (shared and archive libraries are tested separately, generators with HEPEVT common block with sizes 10000 and 4000 also separately) In 2005 – 2006 at least 4 bugs and unexpected “features” found with level 1 testing, at least one bug in PYTHIA found with level 3 (CMS). GENSER is going to take part of the latter to level 1. In 2005 – 2006 at least 4 bugs and unexpected “features” found with level 1 testing, at least one bug in PYTHIA found with level 3 (CMS). GENSER is going to take part of the latter to level 1.

11. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200611 WP1. Improve/centralize bug reports The GENSER meeting in May was devoted to this The GENSER meeting in May was devoted to this http://agenda.cern.ch/fullAgenda.php?ida=a06930 http://agenda.cern.ch/fullAgenda.php?ida=a06930 Sjostrand: The authors of the generators have to process a lot of information, most of which (> 70%) is useless Sjostrand: The authors of the generators have to process a lot of information, most of which (> 70%) is useless ThePEG/Herwig++ use Hepforge: http://hepforge.cedar.ac.uk/ ThePEG/Herwig++ use Hepforge: http://hepforge.cedar.ac.uk/ http://hepforge.cedar.ac.uk/ GENSER adopted the wide use of savannah portal http://savannah.cern.ch/projects/simu/ GENSER adopted the wide use of savannah portal http://savannah.cern.ch/projects/simu/ http://savannah.cern.ch/projects/simu/ Filtering the problems (many problems are related to the experiments SW) Filtering the problems (many problems are related to the experiments SW)

12. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200612 WP2. Event Formats and Event Interfaces The MC truth Interface The MC truth Interface HEPMC: HEP event format, widely used by experiments and developers HEPMC: HEP event format, widely used by experiments and developers  January 2006: installed in LCG external, based on the version 1.26 from M. Dobbs. Interfaces to generators split in a separate library. Further development started  Discussion about the migration to MathCore vectors instead of CLHEP ones. No decision yet. Painful HEPML (XML - Les Houches Agreement compliant) HEPML (XML - Les Houches Agreement compliant)  Meta-data format facilitating automated documentation  Intensive discussions in preparation of the proposal. The same manpower as MCDB (WP3). The modularization The modularization Basic idea in ThePEG, HERWIG++, SHERPA Basic idea in ThePEG, HERWIG++, SHERPA From April 2004 LCG Generator participates to the development of ThePEG From April 2004 LCG Generator participates to the development of ThePEG  ThePEG is in GENSER (internally used by Herwig++) GOAL: standardize interfaces, support the new OO MCs

13. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200613 WP4. Monte Carlo Validation and Tuning GOAL: to cross-check MCs and compare with data Reference distributions (multiplicities, P T Spectra etc.) Promoting common LHC activity on MC Tuning Standalone Studies Work on GENSER subpackages ALPGEN Validation (Perugia)  Essential to verify ALPGEN in GENSER HIJING Validation (JINR, Dubna)  Encouraged to contribute to JetWeb  Generator analysis framework (together with CMS) H. Naves, Oviedo. Working prototype, limited number of generators. In future GENSER could switch partly to it in testing.  JetWeb http://jetweb.hep.ucl.ac.uk : Automated data comparisons http://jetweb.hep.ucl.ac.uk Comp. Phys. Comm. vol 153/2 164-178 (2003). In production. Moving under Comp. Phys. Comm. vol 153/2 164-178 (2003) CEDAR. To be switched to GENSER for libraries and codes  HZTOOL: next talk

14. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200614 Conclusions on Generators GENSER and MCDB in production GENSER and MCDB in production Validation package TESTS in GENSER taking shape Validation package TESTS in GENSER taking shape Fruitful collaboration with generators authors Fruitful collaboration with generators authors Activity smoothly moving from integration to testing, validation and user support. Activity smoothly moving from integration to testing, validation and user support. Feedback, requests from users are welcome. Feedback, requests from users are welcome.

15. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200615 Geant4 Geant4 http://geant4.cern.ch is a toolkit for the simulation of the passage of particles through matter Geant4 http://geant4.cern.ch is a toolkit for the simulation of the passage of particles through matterhttp://geant4.cern.ch Last version is 8.0-Patch01 Last version is 8.0-Patch01 Validation: http://lcgapp.cern.ch/project/simu/validation Validation: http://lcgapp.cern.ch/project/simu/validationhttp://lcgapp.cern.ch/project/simu/validation

16. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200616 Geant4: Recent developments The range cut dependences significantly improved after the improvements of the multiple scattering code. The range cut dependences significantly improved after the improvements of the multiple scattering code. The work done by Laszlo Urban, Vladimir Ivanchenko, Michel Maire. Presented by Michel Maire 30 November 2005. The work done by Laszlo Urban, Vladimir Ivanchenko, Michel Maire. Presented by Michel Maire 30 November 2005.

17. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200617 Sampling calorimeter : cut dependance Evis constant if msc off Evis constant if msc off

18. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200618 Step Limitation from MSC Limit the step from the beginning of track Limit the step from the beginning of track Not only after a boundary Not only after a boundary Step = fr. Max (range, lambda) Step = fr. Max (range, lambda) New default fr = 0.02 (instead of 0.2) New default fr = 0.02 (instead of 0.2) Strong constraint only for low energy particles Strong constraint only for low energy particles Ensure that a track always does few steps in any volume Ensure that a track always does few steps in any volume more than 1 more than 1

19. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200619 Result of Upgrades

20. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200620 Atlas HEC : Cu (25mm) -lAr (8.5mm) Most recent report by A Kiryunin May 10 2006. Used Physics lists LHEP 5.0, QGSP 3.0, Packaging PACK 5.0

21. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200621 LHCb : Pb (2mm) -Sc (4mm)

22. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200622 ILC : W (2.5mm) -Si (0.32mm) cpu penalty : cpu penalty : 70 % at 1mm 70 % at 1mm 10 % at 1um 10 % at 1um

23. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200623 The problem At high energies (> 100 GeV) shower shape is not reproduced well At high energies (> 100 GeV) shower shape is not reproduced well LHEP is best LHEP is best QGSP is much worse QGSP is much worse We are investigating the causes, current candidates We are investigating the causes, current candidates Cross sections Cross sections Neutron production Neutron production Multiplicities Multiplicities Hadron elastic scattering Hadron elastic scattering The data from CMS test beam are used: The talks by J.Damgov, S.Piperov, S.Kunori, T.Yetkin. The data from CMS test beam are used: The talks by J.Damgov, S.Piperov, S.Kunori, T.Yetkin.

24. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200624 Approach Shower development Shower development Improve understanding of key components of shower Improve understanding of key components of shower Physics Models in various physics lists Physics Models in various physics lists Document how interactions are modeled Document how interactions are modeled Cross sections Cross sections Hadron elastic scattering Hadron elastic scattering Revision started end 2005 Revision started end 2005 General checks of processes General checks of processes Energy conservation, … Energy conservation, …

25. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200625 Conclusions on Geant4 First cycle of the electromagnetic physics validation is completed at the percent level First cycle of the electromagnetic physics validation is completed at the percent level Significant improvements in the multiple scattering code since 8.0 (dynamic step limitations and other changes, without changing the model) Significant improvements in the multiple scattering code since 8.0 (dynamic step limitations and other changes, without changing the model) Concentrating on the hadronic physics validation (more difficult). Develop criteria for the validation for LCG: what can be the maximal allowed disagreement? (Check within physics analyses in experiments, use fast simulation etc.) Concentrating on the hadronic physics validation (more difficult). Develop criteria for the validation for LCG: what can be the maximal allowed disagreement? (Check within physics analyses in experiments, use fast simulation etc.) First round of validations shows good results for the most popular observables: e/pions, energy resolution. First round of validations shows good results for the most popular observables: e/pions, energy resolution. Problems with shower profile: too short in QGSP at energies above 30 – 50 GeV Problems with shower profile: too short in QGSP at energies above 30 – 50 GeV Detailed study of the models, the revision of some of them underway: checking particles spectra, energy conservation etc. Detailed study of the models, the revision of some of them underway: checking particles spectra, energy conservation etc.

26. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200626 Background slides

27. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200627 WP3. The MCDB Team MCDB developers MCDB developers L. Dudko (SINP MSU Moscow) L. Dudko (SINP MSU Moscow) S.Makarychev (ITEP Moscow) S.Makarychev (ITEP Moscow) S. Belov (JINR Dubna) S. Belov (JINR Dubna) Other contributors (previous shifters, designers etc.) Other contributors (previous shifters, designers etc.) A. Kryukov, I. Seluzhenkov, A. Sherstnev, A. Vologdin (SINP MSU Moscow) A. Kryukov, I. Seluzhenkov, A. Sherstnev, A. Vologdin (SINP MSU Moscow) P. Bartalini (Florida U.) P. Bartalini (Florida U.)

28. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200628  Production framework June 2004 Proposal June 2004 Design Available. Prototype Stage Active institutions: CERN, Santander, Oviedo  Production centre  Configuration & Book-keeping ~ 0.75 FTE from LCG Russia (MSU, ITEP, JINR) LCG-MCDB: Deployed! WP3: Production of Shared Event Files GOAL: to produce certified generator level events In collaboration with CMS Tested At Fermilab Tested By CMS  Use them for benchmarks, comparisons & combinations in LHC W.G.  Improve the quality of shared samples with respect to LEP W.G. era !!!

29. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200629 WP3. Monte Carlo Data Base (MCDB) Motivations Motivations To Provide Configuration, Book-keeping, Documentation, Storage for the Shared Event Files To Provide Configuration, Book-keeping, Documentation, Storage for the Shared Event Files To keep track of the full generation chain, Exploiting the Competences of Monte Carlo Experts and Monte Carlo Authors To keep track of the full generation chain, Exploiting the Competences of Monte Carlo Experts and Monte Carlo Authors In Production. Some things to be finalized. To be populated. In Production. Some things to be finalized. To be populated.

30. M. Kirsanov, HERA – LHC Workshop, CERN, June 08 200630 WEB page http://lcgapp.cern.ch/project/simu/generator  Links to relevant documentation, CVS repository, release.notes etc. CDS Agenda HomeCDS Agenda Home > Projects > LHC Computing Grid > Physics GeneratorsProjectsLHC Computing GridPhysics Generators  Minutes of meetings, slides of presentations Meetings:  First Tuesday of the month at 5 PM in CERN-32-1-A24 & VRVS Simulation project mailing list: project-lcg-simu@cern.ch Permanent Forum on Physics and Software Issues related to Monte Carlo development & usage Organisational Issues