1. Learning Objectives: Sensory Systems Describe and explain the sequence of events in a receptor. Describe and explain the function of various receptor types, along with animal examples. Describe the reception of light by eyes. Explain the structure and function of hearing in mammals.

2. How stuff works What needs to happen in the cell phone for you to listen and watch the TV program?

3. Sequence of events in a biological receptor Stimulus Receptor protein activatedIn accessory organs or in receptorReceptor ion channels opened or closedDepolarization or hyperpolarizationReceptor potential (graded) Sensory neuron action potential(s) directly to CNS Basic Function Reception Amplification Transduction Transmission Receptor = sensory neuron action potential(s) directly to CNS Neurotransmitter released from receptor cell(s) Integration

4. Sensory transduction Reception Transmission Amplification Transduction

5. What series of events occur in moth during the depicted event?

6. Based on figs. 46.2 and 46.3

7. Transmitting information to the brain If all types of external stimuli are converted to electric signals in the form of action potentials, how can the brain interpret different stimuli as different?

8. Chemoreceptors General: transmit information on total solute concentration in a solution. Specific: respond to individual kinds of molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose. Intermediate: respond to general categories of related chemicals (taste and smell).

10. Thermoreceptors Why do you think that there are separate hot and cold receptors?

11. Electromagnetic receptors

13. F. Nicklin

14. Science 2001

15. Fig. 46.9

16. Mechanoreceptors and nocireceptors Based on fig. 46.4 What would bending or stretching of plasma membrane will cause in cells? In vertebrate ear

17. Science 2001

18. (Air) (Fluid) (membrane) Sound waves Inner Outer Based on fig. 46.5

19. Are there transducers in the ear? Why?

21. Based on fig. 46.7