1. Bloodborne Pathogens Bloodborne pathogens are pathogenic microorganisms that can potentially cause disease. Bloodborne pathogens: HBV and HIV. Modes of Transmission: human blood, semen, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, and synovial fluid.

2. Hepatitis B Virus: HBV HBV is a viral infection that results in swelling, soreness, and loss of normal liver function. Signs: fatigue, nausea, abdominal pain, headache, fever, jaundice. Prevention: good hygiene and vaccination. All coaches and any other individual working in an allied health care profession that deals with blood, should have the HBV vaccination.

3. Human Immunodeficiency Virus: HIV HIV is a viral infection that eventually destroys the immune system and is acquired through blood, semen, and vaginal fluid. Signs: fatigue, weight loss, joint pain, swollen glands, night sweats, and fever. The best means for prevention of this epidemic is through EDUCATION.

4. Universal Precautions OSHA guidelines were developed to protect both the health care provider and the patient from bloodborne pathogens. Athlete Preparation NCAA Regulations Personal Precautions Supplies and Equipment

5. Skin Wounds A wound is defined as trauma to tissues that causes a break in the continuity of that tissue. 5 types of wounds: abrasion, laceration, puncture, incision, and avulsion. Tetanus is a bacterial infection that causes fever and convulsions. If the athlete is not current of their tetanus vaccination, they should receive an injection after sustaining a skin wound.

6. Avulsion

7. Puncture

8. Laceration

9. Incision

10. Abrasion