1. Contributions to Type 2 Diabetes

2. Glucose in balance meal Time in minutes Blood glucose levels, mg/dL -60 0 60 120 180 240 80 Insulin levels, uU/mL Glucagon pg/mL Unger, FH. N Engl J Med. 1971; 285:443-9 100 120

3. Healthy (n=240) Prediabetes (n=191) Diabetes (n=100) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 020406080100120 Time (min) Blood Glucose levels (mg/dl) 020406080100120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Blood Insulin levels (µU/ml) Jensen CC et al: Diabetes 51:2170-2178; 2002 Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Glucose given Fasting

4. Glucose in balance

5. http://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/551055

6. Glucose in balance FPG – Fasting Plasma Glucose N – Number of people in that group

7. Glucose in balance

8. Diabetes incidence in three populations Schulz L O et al. Dia Care 2006;29:1866-1871

9. Diabetes Prevention Program Data Lowest Genetic Highest Genetic Risk Risk Placebo Metformin Lifestyle changes Genetic risk group Diabetes incidence rate Cases/100 persons-years Copyright © 2011 American Diabetes Association, Inc. Jablonski K A et al. Diabetes 2010;59:2672-2681

10. Copyright © 2011 American Diabetes Association, Inc. Diabetes Prevention Program Data Allele combinations: