1. What similarities can you note in these 4 mammalian appendages? What differences can you note in these 4 mammalian appendages?

2. EVOLUTION VOCABULARY

3. Gradualism

4. Changes in species occurring slowly and incrementally.

5. Gradualism

6. Punctuated Equilibrium

7. Long periods of little or no change interrupted by rapid and dramatic changes.

8. Punctuated Equilibrium

9. Homologous Structures

10. Structures of different species that are similar in arrangement and organization but not necessarily function, implying common ancestry.

11. Homologous Structures

12. Analogous Structures

13. Structures of different species that are similar in function but not composition and do not imply common ancestry.

14. Analogous Structures

15. Vestigial Organs

16. An organ or structure that no longer serves a purpose and consequently is often diminished in size.

17. Vestigial Organs

18. 1.__________________ Long periods of little or no change interrupted by rapid and dramatic changes.

19. 2.___________________ An organ or structure that no longer serves a purpose and consequently is often diminished in size. (Ex. Wisdom Teeth)

20. 3. ___________________

21. 4. __________________ Structures of different species that are similar in function but not composition and do not imply common ancestry. (example- bird wing and moth wing)

22. 5. _________________ Changes in species occurring slowly and incrementally.

23. Evidence for Evolution Fossil Record DNA Embryology – Anantomical structures such as homologous structures. Biogeography mutations

24. Biogeography/Zoogeographic Region

25. Phylogenetic treeEvolutionary treeCladogram

26. Pretty much the same thing… Show us how species are related to each other. The point where they divide is where their common ancestor species is thought to be (called a taxonomic unit). Lengths of branches may all be the same or Vary in length depending on the # of Characteristics or DNA sequences that are similar.

27. COMMON ANCESTOR OF THE BEARS ancestor of these two bears Black Bear Polar Bear Brown Bear

30. Write a hypothesis for whether or not the gorilla, chimpanzee and the human are related underneath your predicted phylogentic tree. Start on the Procedure – Synthesize the DNA strands by placing the toothpicks side by side in the proper sequence according to the chart on your paper. GROUP MEMBERS 1-3 ONLY…

31. Are they closely related? (Does it support your hypothesis?) Write a second hypothesis under your first one predicting whether the human, the gorilla or the chimpanzee is more closely related to the common ancestor. Answer the questions under EVALUATE.