1. Human Heredity

2. Poll the Audience YOYO: A.B.C. List 3 Genetic Diseases/Disorders

3. Has one dominate gene. PP ZZ Ll Oo Dominate Disorders

4. Dwarfism

5. Polydactyl: Many Digets Syndactyly

6. Symrachyclactyly: Missing fingers

7. Familial Hypercholesterdemia Familial Hyper-cholesterolemia – High blood cholesterol and propensity for heart disease

8. Hypertension

9. Chronic Simple Glaucoma Chronic Simple Glaucoma – Drainage system for fluid in the eye does not work and pressure builds up, leading to damage of the optic nerve which can result in blindness.

10. Huntington’s Disease Nervous system degeneration. Causes early death. Onset in middle age. Irregular gait Shaking Emotionally fragile Dementia

11. Neurofibromatosis Benign tumors in skin or deeper

12. Progeria Progeria – Drastic premature aging, rare, die by age 13. Symptoms include limited growth, small face and jaw, wrinkled skin, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular problems but mental development not affected.

13. Recessive Disorders Has 2 recessive genes.

14. Examples of Recessive Disorders Tay Sachs Disease – Lacks of enzyme needed to break down lipids necessary for normal brain function. Common in Ashkenazi Jews Blindness, seizures, paralysis, and early death.

15. Congenital Disorders A congenital disorder, or congenital disease, is a condition before birth. Mental Retardation Club Foot Co-joined Twins Cleft Lip Down Syndrome

16. http://video.search.yahoo.com/video/play?p=youtube%3A+abby+and+brittany+conjoined+twins&vid=cccb340ce1e1cb3a385bbf4f36095d41&l=5%3A04&turl=http%3A%2F%2Fts1.mm.bing.net%2 Fth%3Fid%3DVN.608014211029929380%26pid%3D15.1&rurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DtPWPbGYIwBU&tit=YouTube+Conjoined+Twins+Abby+%26+Brittany+H ensel+turn+16&c=7&sigr=11bkcdvn6&sigt=11mndlt39&sigi=11r0ihq0k&back=http%3A%2F%2Fus.yhs4.search.yahoo.com%2Fyhs%2Fsearch%3Fp%3Dyoutube%253A%2Babby%2Band%2Bbrit tany%2Bconjoined%2Btwins%26type%3Dastydef%26param1%3D1%26param2%3Dcd%253D2XzuyEtN2Y1L1QzutCzztDtAyBtA0Bzyzy0FyBzzyByE0B0FtN0D0Tzu0StCtDtCtDtN1L2XzutAtFtBt FtCtFyDtN1L1CzutCyEtBzytDyD1V1StN1L1G1B1V1N2Y1L1Qzu2StBtAyBtDzzzyzytBtGtAtCyC0CtGyDtDzyzytGyB0EtCyCtGyCyCtDyBzytB0FyBzztAyCtA2QtN1M1F1B2Z1V1N2Y1L1Qzu2SyE0 EtB0A0D0ByDyDtGyByCyBtCtGyE0D0F0FtGzztCtAtAtG0DyByC0C0CyByEzz0CtB0FtD2Q%2526cr%253D332307325%2526ir%253D142905_b%2526elng%253Den%2526elcl%253Dus%2526a %253Dggfc%2526uref%253Dsp05%2526f%253D4%2526cat%253Dweb%2526ulng%253Den- US%25252Cen%25253Bq%25253D0.8%2526sid%253Dbe8c11df7dd34c7719fd966e5885d581%2526stype%253Dastydef%2526sesid%253Df5ea16941f3fbe17fd5fa9f3b9a9caec%2526csr%25 3D0%2526ipblock%253D0%2526b%253DChrome%2526bv%253D40.0.2214.94%2526os%253DWindows%252B7%2526cc%253Dus%2526ip%253D68.179.219.250%2526pa%253Dastromend a%26hsimp%3Dyhs-fullyhosted_003%26hspart%3Diry%26ei%3DUTF-8&sigb=1qauvn3ve&ct=p&age=1289524016&fr2=p%3As%2Cv%3Av&hsimp=yhs-fullyhosted_003&hspart=iry&tt=b 5 min video conjoined teenage girls

17. Congenital Deafness and Blindness

18. Diabetes Mellitus

19. Albinism

20. Phenylketoneuria (PKU) Inability to break down the amino acid phenylalanine. Must cut protein from diet Results in serious mental retardation

21. Cystic Fibrosis Cystic Fibrosis – affects mucus and sweat glands, thick mucus in lungs and digestive tract that interferes with gas exchange, lethal. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kCSjfxm1jgY

22. Multiple Alleles There are more than 2 alleles for a trait Blood type in humans Blood Alleles? –A, B, O Blood Types? –Type A, Type B, Type AB, Type O

23. Rules for Blood Type A and B are codominant –AA = Type A –BB = Type B –AB = Type AB A and B are dominant over O –AO = type A –BO = type B –OO = type O

24. B. How many people are color blind ? A. What is color blindness? C. What careers can’t you do if you are color blind? D. Who is more likely to be color blind? Boys/girls? E. What are the most colors that color blind people can’t see? F. What countries have the most people that are color blind? G. Is there a cure for color blindness? Can it be prevented?

25. Can You see the Number? Colorblindness is an X-linked recessive trait.

29. Traits found on the X chromosome

30. Genetics The study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics

31. Heredity Passing on traits from parent to offspring.

32. Phenotype The physical characteristics of a trait. The one you see.

33. Genotype The genetic makeup of a trait

34. Alleles Any of several forms of a gene, that are responsible for hereditary variation. Height: Short –Tall Color Pink-white-mixed

35. Gamete Sperm or Ova (egg) that carries genetic that carries ½ the genetic material.

36. Zygote New creation formed by sperm and egg joining together

37. Homozygous Two identical alleles: WW or ww

38. Heterozygous Different alleles (traits) for a gene Ww

39. Dominant The trait, allele of a gene that is expressed – the one you can see if there is a dominant allele: W or Ww. aabb Bb BB Recessive Dominate

40. Co-dominance The heterozygous condition, both alleles are expressed equally 50/50 1:2 prob. Sickle Cell Anemia in Humans NN = normal cells SS = sickle cells NS = some of each

41. Sickle Cell Anemia The disease occurs in 1 out of 500 African Americans. The disease occurs in 1 out of 36,000 Hispanic Americans

42. Recessive The trait, allele of a gene that is NOT expressed – the one you CANNOT see unless there is 2 recessive alleles: aabb Bb BB R ecessive Dominate

43. Incomplete Dominance The heterozygous is a blend between the dominant and recessive. 75/25, 3 to 1 probability RR = redrr = white Rr = pink

44. Trait A genetically determined Characteristics: Phenotype Is from your Genotype

45. Karyotypes

46. Maps of chromosomes 22 homologous pairs of human chromosomes Sex Chromosomes are the 23 rd pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual.

47. Changes in Chromosome Number and Structure Down syndrome is caused by a change in chromosome number.

48. Down syndrome (trisomy 21)

49. The Frequency of Chromosome Non-Disjunction And Down Syndrome Rises Sharply with Maternal Age The phenomenon is clear – the explanation isn’t.

50. // HOW BABY GROWS IN THE WOMB DURING PREGNANCY - How TWINS are made? (Triples, Quads) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DZsZ9vXFx04

52. Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) Removing a cell for diagnosis from a human embryo.

53. Amniocentesis and Chorionic Villus Sampling Many new techniques for learning about individual genes rather than whole chromosomes are available or under development.

54. Choose the sex of your child

55. Dolly: In 1996, Ian Wilmut cloned Dolly from an adult sheep

56. CopyCat In February 2002, researchers from Texas A & M reported the live birth of a cloned tabby. Researchers are interested in using cloned cats in AIDS research, since feline AIDS is a good model for human AIDS.

57. What kind of plants and animals have been cloned?