1. WARM- UP8/20/15  Which type of connective tissue does each of the following:  Strongly connect things: _______________  Absorb shock in our joints: _____________  Store fat: _______________  Provide the framework for the body:________  Connects epithelia to deeper tissue:__________  Transport and maintain an internal balance: ______________________

2. OBJECTIVES: SWBAT TO

3. DO NOW 8/20/14  Which type of connective tissue does each of the following:  Strongly connect things: Dense Conn. Tiss.  Absorb shock in our joints: Cartilage  Store fat: Adipose Tissue  Provide the framework for the body: Bone  Connects epithelia to deeper tissue: Loose Conn. Tiss.  Transport and maintain an internal balance: Blood

4. TODAY’S TISSUES: MUSCLE & NERVOUS  By the end of class, we will be able to describe the structure and function of muscle and nervous tissue.

5. MUSCLE TISSUE  Location:  Makes the heart  Attached to bones  Surrounds the walls of some organs  Purpose:  Movement  Facts: Contractile

6. CLASSIFICATIONS…  Smooth (involuntary)  intestines  Skeletal (voluntary)  bicep  Cardiac (involuntary)  Heart

7. STRIATIONS  Alternating light and dark bands due to overlapping protein filaments  Found in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue

8. Types of Muscle Tissue StructureFunction (voluntary/ involuntary) LocationPicture SkeletalLong, striated fibers, many nuclei CardiacShort, striated fibers, one or two nuclei, intercalated discs SmoothNonstriated, one nucleus

9. MUSCLE CRAMPS…  Involuntary or voluntary? lack of oxygen, fatigue

10. NERVOUS TISSUE…  Location:  Brain  Spinal cord  Nerves  Purpose:  Receive, process, and regulate sensory information

11. NEURONS AND GLIAL CELLS Neurons  Send nerve impulses Glial Cells  Support, protect, nourish neurons

12. FACTS…  Nerve cells (Neurons) connect to each other and other body parts  There are over 7 TRILLION neurons in the body  There are over 1 BILLION nerves

13. WARM- UP8/24/2015 WHAT DO YOU REMEMBER ABOUT THE CELL MEMBRANE? 1.What does semi-permeable mean? 2.What is 1 thing the cell might want to let in? 3.What is 1 thing the cell might want to keep out? 4.Draw a sketch of the cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer) and label a protein and a phospholipid.

14. CELL MEMBRANE  Composed of phospholipid bilayer (polar heads, nonpolar tails) and proteins  Integral proteins = embedded within  Peripheral proteins = not embedded within, attached loosely to the surface  Semi-permeable = only allows certain materials in and out of cell

15. PASSIVE TRANSPORT  Why? – cells must bring in nutrients and release waste without spending energy  How? – the desire or “urge” to reach equilibrium  Concentration gradient  What? – Diffusion  small materials move in and out of a cell until equilibrium is established

16. TYPES OF DIFFUSION  Simple diffusion = small nonpolar molecules moving down their concentration gradient that cannot be stopped by the membrane  Facilitated diffusion = small charged or polar solutes assisted through the cell membrane by channel proteins  Osmosis = water enters and leaves the cell from high concentration to low concentration http://programs.northlandcollege.edu/biology/bio logy1111/animations/transport1.html

17. TONICITY  Isotonic – solution and cell have same concentration of ions  Hypotonic – solution has lower concentration of ions than cell  Hypertonic – solution has higher concentration of ions than cell

18. PRACTICE…  Describe the tonicity of the solution.  Describe the tonicity of the cell.  Explain how the cell will achieve homeostasis.

19. TONICITY

20. ACTIVE TRANSPORT  Why? – living cells often require the uptake of molecules that are scarce in their environment  How? – Cell uses energy to transport something from low to high concentration across the cell membrane  Ex: Sodium Potassium (Na+/K+) Pump

21. THE DOCTOR SAYS… 1.The liver produces a protein called albumin. The major function of albumin is to exert osmotic pressure to pull fluid back into the blood. Predict what happens to osmotic pressure in a patient who has cirrhosis of the liver and is not producing adequate levels of albumin. 2.In a patient with pneumonia (a respiratory condition that results in lower levels of oxygen in the blood), will diffusion of oxygen increase, decrease, or stay the same in comparison to normal? Explain.

22. AREAS TO REVIEW FOR THE TEST  Body regions  Relative directions  Body cavities  Characteristics of life  Cell organelles – function  Cell cycle – cancer, stem cells  Homeostasis/metabolism  Active & passive transport SPELLING COUNTS!