1. Essential Question What was the impact of WWI on the United States?

2. Government Bonds Liberty Bonds Victory Bonds Americans loaned the government money, to be repaid with interest

4. Female Employment Increased opportunities for women to fill industrial jobs left open by men serving in the military

6. The Great Migration Thousands of African Americans left the South for northern cities and factory jobs Chicago, NYC, Detroit, Cleveland

7. Espionage Act of 1917 Penalties and prison terms for anyone helping the enemy Espionage = spying to acquire secret government information

8. Sedition Act of 1918 Any public expression of opposition to the war was made illegal

9. Schenck vs. the United States (1919) Supreme Court ruled that an individual’s freedom of speech could be curbed when the words are a “clear and present danger”

10. Schenck vs. the United States (1919) “When a nation is at war, many things that might be said in times of peace are such a hindrance to its effort that their utterance will not be endured so long as [soldiers] fight.”

11. American Troops Aided the French in stopping German attack Began to push Germans back

14. Signing the Armistice Nov. 11, 1918 Germany signed an armistice (ceasefire) to end the war

15. Wilson’s Plan for Peace Peace conference met in 1919 U.S., Great Britain, France, Italy Wilson offered his plan

16. Wilson’s Fourteen Points Attempted to eliminate causes of war Right of self- determination Creation of the League of Nations

17. League of Nations Member nations would help preserve peace and prevent future wars

18. Treaty of Versailles Harsh terms for Germany Germany must remove armed forces and pay war damages ($33 billion) to the Allies

20. U.S. Response Little support for Wilson’s League of Nations Congress did not ratify the Treaty of Versailles

21. Wilson’s Decline Traveled throughout the U.S. to speak in support of his plan Collapsed in Colorado in Sept. 1919, suffered a stroke