1. LECTURE 03: VISUALIZATION FUNDAMENTALS PT. 2 February 8, 2015 SDS 136 Communicating with Data

2. Quick note on aggregation

4. Outline Flashback: building blocks and mental models Putting marks together Group activity: what we draw vs. what we see Discussion

5. Flashback: building blocks of visualization areas lines points Position Size Value Color Orientation Shape graphical primitives dimensions

6. Flashback: mental models Question: How do we manage to navigate the world?

7. The “gestalt effect”

8. Our brain’s ability to generate whole forms, instead of just collections of unrelated elements 4 key principles

9. 1. Reification Demonstration of reification in perception from Lehar S. (2003) The World In Your Head, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ. p. 52, Fig. 3.3

10. 1. Reification Demonstration of reification in perception from Lehar S. (2003) The World In Your Head, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ. p. 52, Fig. 3.3

11. 1. Reification Demonstration of reification in perception from Lehar S. (2003) The World In Your Head, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ. p. 52, Fig. 3.3

12. 2. Emergence Life Magazine: 58;7 1965-02-19, p 120. Photographer: Ronald C James

13. 3. Multistability

15. 4. Invariance Demonstration of invariance in perception from Lehar S. (2003) The World In Your Head, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ. p. 53, Fig. 3.5

16. 4. Invariance Demonstration of invariance in perception from Lehar S. (2003) The World In Your Head, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ. p. 53, Fig. 3.5

17. 4. Invariance Demonstration of invariance in perception from Lehar S. (2003) The World In Your Head, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ. p. 53, Fig. 3.5

18. 4. Invariance Demonstration of invariance in perception from Lehar S. (2003) The World In Your Head, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ. p. 53, Fig. 3.5

19. What does this mean for visualization? areas lines points ? 6 “Laws of Grouping”

20. Law of Proximity We interpret objects that are close to each other as a group

21. Law of Similarity We interpret objects that are visually similar to each other as a group “grey dots” “black dots”

22. Law of Closure When parts of a picture are missing, we fill in the visual gap

23. Law of Symmetry We perceive objects as being symmetrical, arranged around a center point [ ] { } [ ] law of proximity law of symmetry + law of similarity

24. Law of Common Fate We group objects that we perceive to be moving along the same path

25. Law of Continuity We tend to group objects along the smoothest path

26. Group activity: what we draw vs. what we see Break into teams of 2-3 people  Team 1: Seattle Real Estate Markets goo.gl/HNzErLgoo.gl/HNzErL  Team 2: Microlending Around the World goo.gl/9GGsbcgoo.gl/9GGsbc  Team 3: Teacher Retention in Austin, TX goo.gl/ezHNg5goo.gl/ezHNg5  Team 4: Spread of Information on Twittergoo.gl/x3UZR4goo.gl/x3UZR4  Team 5: 2011 Japan Earthquake goo.gl/mMz3zLgoo.gl/mMz3zL Goal: identify as many examples of the gestalt principles in action in your sample visualization as you can

27. Group activity: what we draw vs. what we see  Team 1: goo.gl/HNzErLgoo.gl/HNzErL  Team 2: goo.gl/9GGsbcgoo.gl/9GGsbc  Team 3: goo.gl/ezHNg5goo.gl/ezHNg5  Team 4: goo.gl/x3UZR4goo.gl/x3UZR4  Team 5: goo.gl/mMz3zLgoo.gl/mMz3zL proximity similarity closure [ ] symmetry common fate continuity

28. Up next Showing correlation w/ scatterplots (mini-lecture and lab) Reminder: - Submit your Piazza post for Bar/Line Chart Lab (11 out of 14) - A1 Piazza post due Wednesday Feb. 10 by 11:59pm

29. Questions?