1. Experiment Proposals due Th 2/10

2. Four types of molecules that are primarily found in living systems (biomolecules): Carbohydrates/ Sugars Nucleotides- DNA/RNA Amino Acids- Proteins Lipids- fats/phospholipids

3. CB 6.2 Relative sizes of cells, organelles, and biomolecules.

4. Biomolecules contain many carbon atoms CB 4.5

5. Biomolecules contain many carbon atoms CB 4.5

6. CB 4.10 Combinations of different other atoms change the characteristics of the biomolecule.

7. Four types of molecules that are primarily found in living systems (biomolecules): Carbohydrates/ Sugars Nucleotides- DNA/RNA Amino Acids- Proteins Lipids- fats/phospholipids

8. CB 5.7 Carbohydrates- rings of carbon with oxygen

9. Carb’s- provide energy and structural support CB 5.8

10. CB 5.27 Nucleotides- rings of carbon and nitrogen

11. CB 5.27 Different bases combine on the sugar/phosphate backbone to store information...

12. CB 16.7 too big too small just right Ionic bond Certain nucleotide bases pair with each other AA TT TA

13. Chains of DNA can store information:

14. Information flow in cells Protein CB 5.26

15. CB 5.17 The basic structure of amino acids

16. CB 5.17 the 20 Amino Acids

17. Amino acids connect together to make proteins. CB 5.21

18. Proteins are the “doers” of the cell. They act as: Enzymes Structural Support Transporters Signals

19. CB 5.13 Lipids and Fats- membranes/energy storage Polar/ Hydrophilic head Non-polar/ Hydrophobic tail

20. CB 7.2 The dual nature of lipids, polar and non-polar, allow lipids to form membranes. non-polar polar

21. CB 7.2 The dual nature of lipids, polar and non-polar, allow lipids to form membranes.

22. CB 5.14 Lipids form membranes

23. CB 6.9 Membranes divide inside from outside, and subdivide the cell into organelles

24. CB 7.7 Membranes have associated proteins

25. CB 5.14 Are membranes solid or fluid?

26. CB 7.6 Testing membrane fluidity

27. CB 7.5 Membrane phospholipids are in constant motion

28. CB 7.5 Too much movement can lead to leaks Too little movement can lead solidification and leaks

29. CB 7.5 In cold temperatures cells can increase unsaturated lipids, increasing disorder In hot temperatures cells can increase the number of saturated lipids, decreasing disorder coldhot

30. CB 5.12 Saturated lipidUnsaturated lipid

31. CB 7.5 In cold temperatures cells can increase unsaturated lipids, increasing disorder In hot temperatures cells can increase the number of saturated lipids, decreasing disorder coldhot

32. Cholesterol fits between phospholipids- maintaining fluidity AND reducing disorder.

33. Four types of molecules that are primarily found in living systems (biomolecules): Carbohydrates/ Sugars Nucleotides- DNA/RNA Amino Acids- Proteins Lipids- fats/phospholipids

34. Information flow in cells Protein CB 5.26

35. Next: How to get from DNA to proteins?