1. Chapter 17 – The Age of Exploration, 1500-1800

2. Section 1 – European Exploration and Expansion

3. Reasons for European expansion:
To avoid the Arab and Turkish territories along the eastern routes towards China
Desire for the expansion of trade, particularly looking for spices
Religious goals and conversions
New sailing technologies
Better maps
Increasing knowledge of wind patterns

4. Prince Henry the Navigator
Portuguese Explorers
Vasco da Gama

5. Spanish Explorers Christopher Columbus
And the sea will grant each man new hope, as sleep brings dreams of home.
Ferdinand Magellan

6. Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
Additional explorers:
John Cabot (Italian) – New England and eastern Canada
Pedro Cabral (Portuguese) – South America
Amerigo Vespucci (Italian) – South America

7. The Spanish Empire

8. Hernán Cortés invaded the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlán (1519)

9. The Spanish, led by Francisco Pizarro, descended upon the Incas (1531)

10. Lesson 2 – The First Global Economic Systems

11. The Commercial Revolution was the product of two moments:
Renaissance
Exploration and colonization
Keys to Mercantilism

13. The Triangular Trade The Middle Passage Impact of the Slave Trade:
Depopulation of parts of Africa
Decimation of younger population
Increase internal war with new weapons
Spread of African culture into Americas

14. Section 3 – Colonial Latin America

15. Peninsulares They were rulers of the colonies.
They were born in Europe (born on the Iberian
peninsula – hence the name).
They were the wealthiest within the colonies.
Creoles Descendants of Europeans but born in Latin
America – resented peninsulares.
Mixed races included mestizo (mix of European and Native American)
and mulattos (mix of European and African).
Native Americans

16. Encomienda System (Americas)
Mita System (Peru)
Bartolomé de Las Casas

17. Portugal and Spain’s attempt to create greater control over the Americas led to the viceroyalties.

18. Religious orders that dominated the “new world” included the Dominicans, the Jesuits and the Franciscans.

19. Juana Ines de la Cruz Aristocratic background
Became a nun of the St. Jerome Order (Hieronymites)
Famed poetry and prose writer of the Baroque style
Ran schools and hospitals in Mexico
Advocate for women’s rights and women’s education
Most famous works include Respuesta a Sor Filotea, Hombres necios and Primero sueño.