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Is Sacred Architecture the Pinnacle of History of Building Technology? Kate Ward ARCH 649 Fall 2003.

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Presentation on theme: "Is Sacred Architecture the Pinnacle of History of Building Technology? Kate Ward ARCH 649 Fall 2003."— Presentation transcript:

1 Is Sacred Architecture the Pinnacle of History of Building Technology? Kate Ward ARCH 649 Fall 2003

2 Secular Influences the Sacred Crystal Cathedral By Philip Johnson Garden Grove, CA Church of the Light By Tadao Ando Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan

3 Crystal Cathedral vs. Church of the Light Crystal CathedralChurch of the Light FaithChristian FunctionChurchChapel Time1977-19801988 LocationGarden Grove, CA, USAIbaraki, Osaka, Japan FormLong, 4-pointed star plan Long, rectilinear plan Building Technology Glazed space frame walls and roof Reinforced concrete with glass wall

4 Crystal Cathedral: Faith Faith: Christian Faith influence on form: plan is based on Latin cross, with shorter nave and longer transept to bring people closer to the chancel Home of the nationally televised “Hour of Power”

5 Crystal Cathedral: Function Function: Church Also functions as a television studio, so the building must have a certain light set-up, possibly a certain sound set-up as well Complex also has a advanced audio studio and television studio Giant doors open to parking lot to allow building to function as a drive-in church as well

6 Crystal Cathedral: Time Time: 1980 Televangelism was growing stronger, and had no scandals yet Bell Tower was added for the tenth anniversary of the cathedral. It was also designed by Philip Johnson

7 Crystal Cathedral: Location CA: climate influence on BT Urban/suburban

8 Crystal Cathedral: Form Form: Long, 4-pointed star plan, tent-shaped elevation Form gives the church its popular name: “Crystal Cathedral” Building measures 207 by 415 ft, with a maximum height of 128 ft (12 stories) Seats about 3,000, plus 1,000 more in the chancel ***Add floor plan and exterior view

9 History of Space Frames Alexander Graham Bell was one of the first to experiment with the structures that eventually became space frames. He developed kites and a 24 meter high tower during his experiments. Early proto-space frames include the Eiffel Tower and many bridges

10 Proto-Space Frames Early proto-space frames include the Eiffel Tower and many bridges

11 Crystal Cathedral: Building Technology Influenced by Crystal Palace Other similar glass buildings History of glass buildings Climatic systems

12 Church of the Light: Faith Faith: Christian Faith influence on form: longitudinal plan for processionals

13 Church of the Light: Function Function: Chapel Building is an addition to an earlier wooden structure

14 Church of the Light: Time

15 Church of the Light: Location Location: Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan Tightly-packed residential neighborhood Very small space Location influences form  L-shaped wall separates church from busy surroundings  No good views, so the windows are minimal – only the distinctive narrow cross window and a window opening into the L-shaped wall

16 Church of the Light: Location Entrance is from the back, and is not direct – must turn 180 degrees to face the front of the building Window opening to wall

17 Church of the Light: Form Form: Long, rectilinear plan “The building can be described simply as a bare concrete box with a wall cutting through it at a 15 degree angle. “ Proportion: 1:3:1 – rectangle can hold 3 spheres, each 5.9 meters in diameter

18 Church of the Light: Building Technology Influenced by Le Corbusier (Ronchamp) History of reinforced concrete

19 Bibliography Yusheng, Liao. Church of the Light - Tadao Ando. 8 Dec. 2003. Wayne, Gary. The Crystal Cathedral (photo 1). Seeing Stars. 8 Dec. 2003 http://www.myoc.com/community/religion/ schuller.shtml http://www.relst.uiuc.edu/Courses/ 110/LaytonOL.html http://www.crystalcathedral.org/about/history.html http://www.nationalchristianchoir.org/ gallery.html http://www.shaverfamily.org/gallery/gallerywalk.php?alb=rrtour2002&pic=14 http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Garden_Grove_Church.html http://www.richmangalleries.com/arch_bridges.htm http://www.civilzone.com/photo/truss16.html http://www.rhapsody.com/travel/image.php?church_light http://architecture.mit.edu/~barandon/4.203/overview_page.htm http://www.geocities.com/arquique1/ando/andocl.html http://www.arch.mcgill.ca/prof/mellin/arch671/winter2000/mchan/precedents/ando.html

20 Bibliography (cont.)

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