1. Warm-up #4 1)Which battle was a turning point of the Civil War? Why was the Confederate loss of this battle significant? 2)Explain the Union strategy during the Civil War.

2. Emancipation Proclamation Essential Question: Did Lincoln actually free the slaves?

3. Antietam  Antietam was the bloodiest single day of the war  The Confederates suffered 13,700 casualties out of 40,000 engaged  The Federals lost 12,350 out of 87,000  The battle ended as a tactical draw, but a strategic victory for the Federals because Lee was forced to withdraw back to Virginia  It was enough of a victory for Lincoln to issue his Emancipation Proclamation Confederate dead in the Bloody Lane

4. Moves toward Emancipation  Lincoln was beginning to move in that direction and on July 22, 1862 he showed his cabinet a preliminary draft of the Emancipation Proclamation  But Lincoln needed a battlefield victory to give him an opportunity to make the Proclamation public  Antietam accomplished that

5. Emancipation Proclamation  Issued September 22, 1862  “That on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free…”

6. Emancipation Proclamation  The Emancipation Proclamation changed the very nature of the war, giving it a completely new objective  Represented a move toward total war  The North was now not merely fighting to restore a union it thought was never legitimately separated. It was fighting for freedom of a race.  The South was no longer fighting merely for independence. It was fighting for survival of its way of life.

7. Diplomatic Impact  The South had longed hoped for European recognition and intervention  The Emancipation Proclamation made that virtually impossible because England had abolished slavery in 1833 and France in 1848 John Slidell represented the Confederacy in France

8. Impact of Emancipation Proclamation on Confederate Diplomatic Efforts  “… the feeling against slavery in England is so strong that no public man there dares extend a hand to help us… There is no government in Europe that dares help us in a struggle which can be suspected of having for its result, directly or indirectly, the fortification or perpetuation of slavery. Of that I am certain”  William Yancey, Confederate politician

9. Background on the Emancipation Proclamation  At your table, read the background on the Emancipation Proclamation individually.  Based off of the background, be prepared to share your answer on the following question: Did Lincoln free slaves or did the slaves free themselves?

10. Primary Source Analysis  At your tables, pair up and decide who will be person A and who will be person B  Person A – you will read document A  Person B – you will read document B  After reading your respective documents, answer the guiding questions

12. Document B  From the Life and Times of Frederick Douglass, 1881  (description of meeting with Lincoln in 1863 after the Emancipation Proclamation was issued)

13. Defend your side  Person A – you will have 45 seconds to argue your point across. Person B you will sit quietly and listen using the 4 Ls.  After Person A finishes, Person B will have one minute to ask questions and/or clarify  After Person A finishes, roles will switch  Each person will now have one minute to decide if they would like to switch sides or stay at their respective opinions

14. T-Chart: Did Lincoln Free Slaves? Did they Free Themselves?  As a table group, you will now fill out the T-Chart  Homework:  Finish T-Chart  15.4 Assessment #1b, 1c, 2a, 2b, 4a, and 5.