1. God, Gold, & Glory An Introduction to European Exploration & Expansion

2. Motives  The 3 G’s  God  religious fervor  convert natives  Gold  expand trade - esp. spices & precious metals  profit  Glory  adventure  power  national pride

3. Means  Mid-1400s  European monarchs had MORE:  Power  Resources  Advanced technology

4. Portugal  Early leader  Sailed eastward  --> India (spice trade)

5. Bartolomeu Dias  Sailed around the Cape of Good Hope (Africa)  First explorer to reach the Indian Ocean from the Atlantic Ocean

6. Vasco da Gama  Sailed around the Cape of Good Hope to India  Secured control of spice trade  Took from Muslims  HUGE $$$

7. Prince Henry the Navigator  Established a navigation school  Helped build new ships (caravels)  Patronage led to major technological advances (p. 197)

8. Spain  Sailed westward  Seeking route --> Asia Spain Portugal

9. Christopher Columbus  Earth not so big  Queen Isabella  4 voyages - all end up in the Caribbean

10. Ferdinand Magellan  1519 - 1st to circumnavigate the globe (sort of)

11. Spain in the Americas  Conquistadors - the Spanish conquerors of the Americas  Gifts from Spain Gifts from Spain

12. Encomienda System  Aztec & Inca civilizations destroyed  Spanish control  Subjects of Queen  Encomienda - the right of landowners to use Native Americans as laborers  Protection - required but not followed

13. Columbian Exchange  The exchange of plants and animals between Europe and the Americas  Europe --> Americas  Horses, cattle, & wheat  Americas --> Europe  Potatoes, cocoa, corn, tomatoes, & tobacco  Transformed economic activity

14. European Rivals  Dutch  French  British

15. Reading  Read pages 208-211 (section 3 “Colonial Latin America”)  Write the definitions for the following words in your notebook:  Peninsulares  Creole  Mestizos  Mulattoes  Mita