1. PARTITION OF BENGAL ACTUAL REASONS & OFFICIAL REASONS
ANTI-PARTITION MOVEMENT
SPREAD OF THE MOVEMENT
IMPACT OF THE PARTITION

2. REASONS FOR THE PARTITION
OFFICIAL REASON–
LESS ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN ON GOVT
MORE EFFICIENT ADMN
DEAL WITH FAMINE AND DEFENCE
ATTEND TO REMOTE AREAS
ACTUAL REASONS –
WEAKEN THE NATIONAL MOVEMENT
POLICY OF DIVIDE AND RULE
REACTIONARY POLICIES OF LORD CURZON TO SHOW THAT THE OPINION OF THE POLITICAL LEADERS HAD NO MEANING.

3. THE NEW PROVINCE AFTER PARTITION
WESTERN PROVINCE
EASTERN PROVINCE
WEST BENGAL, BIHAR AND ORISSA
HINDU MAJORITY
HINDI AND ORIYA SPEAKING MAJORITY
EAST BENGAL, ASSAM, TRIPURA, CHITTAGONG, DHAKA, RAJSHAHI, MALDA
MUSLIM MAJORITY
BENGALI SPEAKING MAJORITY

4. ANTI-PARTITION MOVEMENT- 1903 TO 1905
PETITIONS & MEMORANDUMS TO GOVT
PUBLIC MEETINGS
PAMPHLETS & NEWSPAPERS
BOYCOTT OF BRITISH GOODS
SWADESHI MOVEMENT
16th OCTOBER 1905 – PARTITION CAME INTO EFFECT – HARTAL IN CALCUTTA
AMAR SONAR BANGLA – BY RABINDRANATH TAGORE
PEOPLE TIED RAKHI ON EACH OTHER’S WRIST TO SYMBOLISE UNITY

5. SPREAD OF THE MOVEMENT
TILAK – IN POONA & BOMBAY
LALA LAJPAT RAI – IN PUNJAB
SYED HAIDER RAZA – IN DELHI
CHIDAMBARAM PILLAI - MADRAS

6. FOUR-FOLD PROGRAM OF BOYCOTT
BOYCOTT OF ENGLISH SPEECH
BOYCOTT OF BRITISH GOODS
RESIGNATION OF HONOURARY OFFICES UNDER THE GOVERNMENT
BOYCOTT OF PEOPLE BUYING FOREIGN GOODS

7. BOYCOTT OF FOREIGN GOODS
PRIESTS STOPPED USING FOREIGN MATERIALS WHILE DOING POOJA
WASHERMEN REFUSED TO WASH FOREIGN CLOTHES.
SHOPS STOPPED SELLING FOREIGN ARTICLES OR ELSE WERE PICKETED
WOMEN STOPPED USING FOREIGN BANGLES AND UTENSILS.
SWADESHI ENTERPRISES WERE SET UP
.BONFIRES OF FOREIGN GOODS.
REVIVAL OF INDIGENOUS INDUSTRIES
BOYCOTT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION & GROWTH OF NATIONAL EDUCATION.

8. ANNULMENT OF PARTITION
WHEN ? - IN 1911
WHY ? - IN ORDER TO CURB THE GROWING VIOLENCE
BIHAR AND ORISSA TAKEN OUT OF BENGAL AND ASSAM MADE A SEPARATE PROVINCE.
CAPITAL OF INDIA SHIFTED FROM CALCUTTA TO DELHI

9. FORMATION OF MUSLIM LEAGUE
FACTORS PROMOTING THE FORMATION
EVENTS LEADING TO THE FORMATION
FOUNDERS OF THE LEAGUE
OBJECTIVES OF THE LEAGUE.

10. FACTORS PROMOTING THE FORMATION OF THE MUSLIM LEAGUE
1. DIVIDE & RULE POLICY OF BRITISH- Recruitment of Muslims limited in the army claiming that they were to be blamed for the revolt of 1857.
Pitted the Muslims against the Hindus, claiming that the Congress was a Hindu dominated party.
Groups promoting communalism were encouraged, separate electorate encouraged.

11. 2.ECONOMIC AND EDUCATIONAL BACKWARDNESS
Lack of employment opportunities to Muslims due to backwardness in education. Hindus however supported modern education and therefore got government jobs.
Muslims believed that loyalty to the British would assure them of jobs in the British government.

12. 3.ENCOURAGING TEACHING OF COMMUNAL HISTORY
British government encouraged teaching of communal history trough text books –
James Mill described ancient India as the Hindu period and medieval India as the Muslim period- historians projected cruelties on Hindus by Muslim rulers –
Communal hatred grew.

13. 4.RELIGIOUS TINGE OF INDIAN NATIONALISM
Bankim Chandra’s reference of Lord Krishna as the soul of India/
Ganesh festival, Shivaji festival – Hindu festivals used to propagate nationalism/
Objectives secular, but exploited by British in their favour.

14. ROLE OF SYED AHMED KHAN 5.
Role of Syed Ahmed Khan in promoting education among Muslims by founding Scientific Society of Aligarh for Muslims/
His opposition to Indian National Congress claiming it to be a Hindu – dominated party – feared that democratic self- government would lead to control by Hindu – majority /
Allied with British for privileges and favours/ started Mohamaddan Anglo-Oriental College in Aligarh to promote scientific education among Muslims ----
His attitude widened gulf between both communities.

15. EVENTS LEADING TO FORMATION OF MUSLIM LEAGUE
1. HINDI – URDU CONTROVERSY –
Nagari Pracharini Sabha in the United Province
[ present Uttar Pradesh] demanded Hindi written in Devanagari script to be made as the official language.
Government made Hindi and Persian the official language.
Muslims resented the order and protested.
Hindu – Muslim relations worsened.

16. 2. PARTITION OF BENGAL
PARTITION OF MUSLIM MAJORITY IN EAST BENGAL AND ASSAM STRENGTHENED MUSLIM ASPIRATIONS FOR SEPARATE REGION.
MANY UPPER CLASS MUSLIMS WERE INFLUENCED BY BRITISH THAT A SEPARATE MUSLIM PROVINCE WOULD BRING PROSPERITY TO THEM.

17. THE ALIGARH MOVEMENT AFTER SYED AHMED KHAN
MOVEMENT IN ALIGARH OPPOSING GRANTING OF EQUAL STATUS TO HINDI AND URDU IN THE UNITED PROVINCE.
THOUGH THE MOVEMENT WAS SUPPRESSED IT MADE THE MUSLIMS DESPERATE IN HAVING A POLITICAL ORGANISATION FOR THEMSELVES.

18. MUSLIM DEPUTATION TO LORD MINTO
A MUSLIM DEPUTATION MET LORD MI NTO THE VICEROY IN 1906 WITH SPECIAL DEMANDS –
ASSURANCE OF MUSLIM EMPLOYMENT/ RESERVATION OF SEATS FOR MUSLIMS IN COLLEGES & MUNICIPALITIES/ SEPARATE ELECTORATE/ ESTABLISHMENT OF MUSLIM UNIVERSITY.

19. MORLEY - MINTO REFORMS
IN 1909 THE DEMANDS OF A SEPARATE ELECTORATE BY THE MUSLIMS WAS ACCEPTED UNDER THE MORLEY-MINTO REFORMS.
IT MEANT THAT MUSLIMS WOULD ELECT ONLY MUSLIM REPRESENTATIVES AND HINDUS WOULD ELECT ONLY HINDU REPRESENTATIVES.
IT PROVED A FATAL BLOW TO UNITY OF INDIA.

20. FORMATION OF MUSLIM LEAGUE
UNDER THE LEADERSHIP OF
AGHA KHAN
NAWAB SALIMULLAH OF DHAKA
NAWAB NOINUDDIN MALIK

21. OBJECTIVES OF THE MUSLIM LEAGUE
TO PROMOTE A FEELING OF LOYALTY TO BRITISH GOVERNMENT FOR FAVOURS TO PROTECT POLITICAL RIGHTS OF MUSLIMS IN INDIA TO PREVENT HOSTILITY TOWARDS OTHER COMMUNITIES.

22. OUTCOME OF FORMATION OF MUSLIM LEAGUE
KEPT EMERGING MUSLIM MIDDLE CLASS AWAY FROM CONGRESS
SEPARATE ELECTORATES WERE INTRODUCED.