1. PRELIMARIES Dr. Sami Ben Salamh

2. WHAT IS A SENTENCE?  WRITE THREE SENTENCES.  CAN YOU DIVIDE EACH OF THEM INTO TWO MAIN COMPONENTS (PARTS)?  THINK OF THE NOMINAL SENTENCE IN ARABIC.

3. SENTENCE STRUCTURE Sentence SUBJECT PREDICATE CONSIDER THE FOLLWING SENTENCES. 1. AHMAD SMILED. 2. SULTAN IS A TEACHER. 3. THEY ARE TALKING. 4. I AM TEACHING.

4. Parts of Speech  Nouns  Pronouns  Prepositions  Adjectives  Verbs  Adverbs  Conjunctions  Articles

5. Nouns  A noun is the part of speech that is used to name a person, thing, animal, place. It can function as the subject or object of a verb or the object of a preposition. Examples:  Mohammed  Chair  Cat  Riyadh

6. Pronouns  A pronoun is a word used in a place of a noun. Examples: II  you  he  him

7. Prepositions  A preposition is a word that indicates a relationship to another part of speech, especially to a noun. Examples:  in  on  at  for

8. Adjectives  An adjective is the lexical item that is used to describe/modify a noun or a pronoun. Examples  happy  tall  dangerous

9. Verbs  Verbs describe (i) an action, (ii) a state of being (iii) an occurrence. Examples:  play  is  happen

10. Adverbs  An adverb is the part of speech that modifies a verb or an adjective. It usually tells us how somebody does something or how something happens. Examples:  Ahmed drives carefully. (Ahmed is a careful driver.)  Please speak quietly. (Please be quiet.)  The apartment is completely furnished.

11. Conjunctions  A conjunction is a word that is used to connect (words, phrases or clauses) of equal grammatical value.  Examples:  and  or  although  Because  but

12. Articles  Articles Definite Indefinite the a, an consonants vs. vowels