2.  Deism:  Considered God to be a remote being who created the universe and then withdrew from direct involvement with the human race  Popular in the latter half of the 18 th Cen.  Unitarianism:  Dissenting views of the New England Congressional Church  Salvation was available to all

3.  1790-10% of Americans attended church  1801-churches were encouraged to fight off the spread of religious rationalism  Change their organizations  Presbyterians tried to arouse members on the Western frontier  Methodist used itinerant preachers  Baptists were most popular

4.  Not consistent  But…..  Individuals must readmit God and Christ into their daily lives  Must embrace active piety  Reject rationalism that threatened traditional beliefs  Brought a sense of order and stability to a new community

5.  1776 - 2,000 Christian ministers  1845 - 40,000  Methodists had 1 million members (1840)  Deism was dying off

6.  Salvation was available to all  Women  Men moving west left a lack of men to marry  Worry of an uncertain future  Religion gave comfort  Slaves  Substantial group of black preachers  Preached to slaves

7.  Camp (or revival) meetings  Brought in thousands of people for worship and fellowship  Lasted 1-30 days

8.  Stressed the right of private judgment in spiritual matters  It was possible to gain universal salvation through faith and good works  Sinners could have a “change of heart” and be saved  Preachers railed against greed and indifference to the welfare of others

9.  Stressed the importance of:  Industry  Sobriety  Self discipline  Used these qualities to prosper in the new economic world of the 19 th Cen.  What else could this lead to?