1. Chapter 12 Section 4 Objective: To understand the handling of bills in the Senate and the final stages in the legislative process.

2. A. Introducing the bill in the Senate 1. Bills are introduced by Senators, given a number and title, read twice, and referred to committee. 2. Senate proceedings are less formal than those of the house, have only one calendar for bills, and are called to the floor by the majority floor leader.

3. B. The Senate’s Rules for Debate 1. Floor debate is almost unlimited in the Senate. 2. The Filibuster – The filibuster is a tactic used by a minority to “talk a bill to death” on the Senate floor. 3. The Cloture Rule – Senate’s check on a filibuster and limits debate, but requires a petition signed by at least 16 Senators and approval by at least 3/5 of the full Senate (60 votes).

4. Many Senators hesitate to use the Cloture Rule for fear it will free debate and it will undermine the effectiveness of the filibuster technique (especially if they want to use it in the future).

5. C. Conference Committees 1. If House and Senate versions of a bill differ, a joint conference committee is appointed to achieve a compromise bill acceptable to both houses. 2. Appointees are usually the Senior members of each committee and they compromise they reach is usually acceptable to both houses.

6. D. The President Acts 1. A bill passed by both houses goes to the president for his action. 2. The president may sign the bill, veto it, allow the bill to become law by not signing it within ten working days, or pocket veto the bill by not acting on it before Congress adjourns (ten working day window of time).