1. By Wafiy Rani

2. What is a blizzard?  Blizzards are hazardous winter storms that are a combination of: + blowing snow = wind BLIZZARD!

3. To be an official blizzard…  …a snowstorm must have : winds in excess of 56 km/h (35 mph) Visibilities of less than a ¼ of a mile for an extended period of time.

4. Where do blizzards occur? Blizzards can occur in any region of the world which is subject to snow. .

5.  They most often happen where very cold weather is frequent and wind is easily generated. They mostly occur in parts of the Northern Hemisphere

6. Case Study : 2011 Groundhog Day Blizzard  The blizzard occurred in the USA and Canada.  Several large cities were affected by the blizzard.  The blizzard struck on 31 st January – 2 nd February, 2011.

7. Case Study : 2011 Groundhog Day Blizzard  The storm brought cold air, heavy snowfall, blowing snow, and mixed precipitation on a path from New Mexico and northern Texas to New England and eastern Canada.

8. Effects of the Blizzard

9. Local governments ahead of the storm prepared residents on procedures to follow during the storm. This included parking and driving restrictions and preparation of road clearing equipment. Street clearing crews applied chemicals to the roadways to pre-melt ice and snow prior to the event. Preparations

10. Airport Traffic  At least 6,400 flight cancellations occurred across North America before the storm.

11. Power Outages  Many locations along the storm path were affected by widespread power outages.

12. Consequences of the Blizzard  Damage cost : 1.8 billion USD  Deaths : at least 24 people

13. How can you be warned that a blizzard is coming?  You can be warned that a blizzard is coming simply by paying attention to the weather forecast. You may often feel it coming because there will usually be more violent winds, the temperature tends to drop significantly, and it begins to snow more frequently.

14. How can you prepare yourselves for a blizzard? 10. Finally, STAY INSIDE.

15. 1. Prepare for power outages and blocked roads.  Make sure you have lots of candles, matches or lighters, a battery operated radio, and emergency food supplies

16. 2. Stay warm when the power goes out  Be prepared with alternative heat sources and plenty of blankets.

17. 3. DON’T Travel in a blizzard  There’s a very high risk of a fatality.

18. 4. If you get stranded in your car during a bad snowstorm …  … be prepared with plenty of warm clothes and packaged snack foods. It may seem sensible to leave the engine running to keep warm, but it isn't. The danger of carbon monoxide poisoning is high.

19. 5. Along with warm clothes and blankets consider stocking your blizzard kit with essentials  Such as batteries, flash lights, a first-aid kit, shovel, bottled water, etc.

20. 6.If the area you live gets bad storms regularly  Consider investing in an emergency generator

21. 7. Always have a mobile phone with you  You can always call for help.

22. 8. Finally, STAY INSIDE  Those blowing winds are cold enough to cause frostbite, and snowdrifts may hide dangers children might otherwise see. Stay indoors where it's safe and warm.

23. How you can survive when you are caught in a blizzard  DO NOT eat snow. It will lower your body temperature. Melt it first.  Find shelter:  Stay dry  Cover all exposed parts of your body  No shelter:  Prepare a wind-break, lean-to or snow cave for protection from the wind.  Build a fire for heat and attracting attention  Place rocks around the fire to absorb and reflect heat.