1. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.1 Chapter 15 Carbohydrates 15.4 Chemical Properties of Monosaccharides

2. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.2 Reducing Sugars Reducing sugars  are monosaccharides with a carbonyl group that oxidizes to give a carboxylic acid  undergo reaction with Benedict’s reagent (Cu 2+ ) to give the corresponding carboxylic acid  include the monosaccharides glucose, galactose, and fructose

3. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.3 Oxidation of D -Glucose, a Reducing Sugar Benedicts reagent Glucose is oxidized to a carboxylic acid.

4. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.4 Reduction of Monosaccharides The reduction of monosaccharides  involves the carbonyl group  produces sugar alcohols called alditols  such as D -glucose gives D -glucitol, also called D -sorbitol

5. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.5 Learning Check Write the products of the oxidation and reduction of D -mannose. D -Mannose

6. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.6 Solution Write the products of the oxidation and reduction of D -mannose. D -Mannitol D -Mannose D -Mannonic acid