1. Beginning of the chapter HIV resistance and genetics (HIV RESISTANCE SENSOR) 57

2. SENSORS HIV RESISTANCE SENSOR HIV resistance

3. SENSORS HIV RESISTANCE SENSOR CCR5 gene The virus enters the cell The receptor is built White blood cell CCR5 HIV The virus binds to the CCR5 receptor HIV INFECTED CCR5

4. HIV RESISTANCE What are the possible outcomes? NORMAL

5. SENSORS HIV RESISTANCE SENSOR The receptor presents bacterial proteins The defective receptor is built HIV The virus can not bind HIV RESISTANT White blood cell CCR5 gene CCR5

6. HIV RESISTANCE What are the possible outcomes? Risk scale NORMALRESISTANT HIV RESISTANT NORMAL

7. HIV SENSORS HIV RESISTANCE SENSOR The receptor presents bacterial proteins The defective receptor is built HIV The virus can not bind White blood cell CCR5 gene CCR5 HIV INFECTED The virus enters into the cell

8. HIV RESISTANCE What are the possible outcomes? LOWER RISK SLOWER PROGRESSION Risk scale NORMALRESISTANT HIV RESISTANT NORMAL MEDIUM

9. HIV RESISTANCE What can be done using genetics? Tim White blood cells

10. HIV RESISTANCE What are the possible outcomes? Tim HIV Infected with HIV CCR5

11. HIV RESISTANCE What are the possible outcomes? Tim HIV Infected with HIV CCR5 Leukaemia develops White blood cells divide uncontrollably

12. HIV RESISTANCE What are the possible outcomes? Tim HIV Infected with HIV CCR5 Leukaemia develops CHEMO THERAPY

13. HIV RESISTANCE What are the possible outcomes? Tim HIV Infected with HIV Leukaemia develops CHEMO THERAPY White blood cells are destroyed

14. HIV RESISTANCE What are the possible outcomes? Tim Infected with HIV Leukaemia develops CHEMO THERAPY No immune system Bone marrow donation

15. CCR5 HIV RESISTANCE What are the possible outcomes? Tim Infected with HIV Leukaemia develops CHEMO THERAPY No immune system Bone marrow donation HIV HIV RESISTANT

16. CCR5 HIV RESISTANCE What are the possible outcomes? Tim Infected with HIV Leukaemia develops HIV RESISTANT CURED!

17. The proper treatment is very effective HIV RESISTANCE SENSOR 80 Years Healthy person 80 Y 20 Years 3 Y HIV infected person 20 Years HIV + TREATMENT 33 Y 10 Y 52 Y 75 Y 3 Y EFFECTIVE TREATMENT IS CRUCIAL!

18. PHARMACOGENETICS Various drugs and enzymes DRUG D 3A42C192E9 3A5 NAT2 DRUG C 2D6 DRUG B 2C9 DRUG A 1A2 Break down

19. HIV RESISTANCE What are the possible outcomes?

20. HIV RESISTANCE SENSOR Counselling example CounsellingResistant: No carte blanche for unprotected sex! No carte blanche for unprotected sex! There are other diseases as well! There are other diseases as well!Heterozygote: Lower risk, slower evolution of the disease Lower risk, slower evolution of the diseaseNormal: Normal risk of becoming infected with HIV Normal risk of becoming infected with HIV

21. HIV RESISTANCE SENSOR Counselling example TREATMENT Select the right drugs Select the right drugs Adjust the dosage Adjust the dosage

22. End of the chapter HIV resistance and genetics (HIV RESISTANCE SENSOR) 57