1. Measurement Basic Ideas

2. What kinds of fundamental quantities do we measure? quantitysymbolUnits- SI TimetSeconds (s) Minute(m) MassmKilogram(kg) Gram(g) LengthlMeter(m) Centimeter(cm) Kilometer(km) Elec. CurrentIAmpere (A) TemperatureTKelvin(K) Units - English slug Yard(yd) Feet(ft) Inches(in) Mile(mi) Fahrenheit(F)

3. Other quantities are: Intensity of Light unit: candela (cd) Amount of substance unit: mole (mol)

4. A note about temperature: We also use Celcius (C), but it is not the official SI unit. 20 o C = room temp (70 o F) 0 o C = 32 o F freezing 100 o C = 212 o F boiling

5. Other measured quantities are combinations of the “fundamental” quantities. For example, the unit of force is a Newton. 1 Newton (N) = 1 kg m/s 2 Kg, m, s are all fundamental units.

6. Area – measure of surface (2-dimensional) Area = Length x Width (A=lw) unit: length x length = length 2 Volume – measure of space taken up (3-dimensional) Volume = Length x Width x Height (V=lwh) solid unit : length x length x length = length 3 liquid unit: liter(L) [1 ml = 1 cm 3 ]

7. Mass – amount of matter (never changes) Weight – force due gravity (depends on location)

8. International System(SI) of Units

9. Everything is based on powers of 10. Metric Prefixes

10. Giga (10 9 ) G1 billion 1,000,000,000 Mega(10 6 )M1 million1,000,000 kilo (10 3 )k1 thousand` 1,000 hecto (10 2 )h1 hundred100 deca (10 1 )daten10 base unit deci (10 -1 ) d1 tenth centi (10 -2 ) c1 hundredth milli (10 -3 ) m1 thousandth micro (10 -6 )  1 millionth nano (10 -9 ) n1 billionth