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Naming and Writing Compounds. Three categories of compounds 1. Acids – begin with a hydrogen (HCl) 2. Covalent – non-metal bonded with non-metal 3. Ionic.

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Presentation on theme: "Naming and Writing Compounds. Three categories of compounds 1. Acids – begin with a hydrogen (HCl) 2. Covalent – non-metal bonded with non-metal 3. Ionic."— Presentation transcript:

1 Naming and Writing Compounds

2 Three categories of compounds 1. Acids – begin with a hydrogen (HCl) 2. Covalent – non-metal bonded with non-metal 3. Ionic – metal bonded with a non-metal or polyatomic ion FIRST DETERMINE WHAT TYPE OF COMPOUND YOU ARE DEALING WITH

3 Identify the compounds below as ionic compounds, covalent compounds, or as acids 1.NaBr 2.SO 2 3.HF 4.P 3 O 8 5.HC 2 H 3 O 2 REMINDER 1. Acids – begin with a hydrogen ( H Cl) 2. Covalent – non-metal bonded with non-metal 3. Ionic – metal bonded with a non-metal or polyatomic ion

4 Identify the compounds below as ionic compounds, covalent compounds, or as acids 1.NaBr 2.SO 2 3.HF 4.P 3 O 8 5.HC 2 H 3 O 2 REMINDER 1. Acids – begin with a hydrogen ( H Cl) 2. Covalent – non-metal bonded with non-metal 3. Ionic – metal bonded with a non-metal or polyatomic ion

5 Identify the compounds below as ionic compounds, covalent compounds, or as acids 6.WP 2 7.NaCN 8.HNO 3 9.BeF 2 10.CO 2 REMINDER 1. Acids – begin with a hydrogen ( H Cl) 2. Covalent – non-metal bonded with non-metal 3. Ionic – metal bonded with a non-metal or polyatomic ion

6 Identify the compounds below as ionic compounds, covalent compounds, or as acids 6.WP 2 7.NaCN 8.HNO 3 9.BeF 2 10.CO 2 REMINDER 1. Acids – begin with a hydrogen ( H Cl) 2. Covalent – non-metal bonded with non-metal 3. Ionic – metal bonded with a non-metal or polyatomic ion

7 Identify the compounds below as ionic compounds, covalent compounds, or as acids 11.HClO 4 12.Cu 2 O 13.ZnCl 2 14.Ca(IO 3 ) 2 15.H 2 O REMINDER 1. Acids – begin with a hydrogen ( H Cl) 2. Covalent – non-metal bonded with non-metal 3. Ionic – metal bonded with a non-metal or polyatomic ion

8 Identify the compounds below as ionic compounds, covalent compounds, or as acids 11.HClO 4 12.Cu 2 O 13.ZnCl 2 14.Ca(IO 3 ) 2 15.H 2 O REMINDER 1. Acids – begin with a hydrogen ( H Cl) 2. Covalent – non-metal bonded with non-metal 3. Ionic – metal bonded with a non-metal or polyatomic ion

9 Naming Acids Chemical formula starts with HYDROGEN (H) Water (H 2 O) is NOT AN ACID Examples 1)HCl 2)HF 3)H 2 CO 3 4)HClO

10 Naming Acids Look at the negative (anion) part of the acid to determine if it is: 1.An element 2.A polyatomic ion ending in –ate (from page 7 of your chemistry reference table) 3.A polyatomic ion ending in –ite (from page 7 of your chemistry reference table)

11 Naming Acids If is is an element: Hydro (element) ic acid 1)HCl  Hydro ic acid 1)HF  Hydro ic acid

12 Naming Acids If is is an element: Hydro (element) ic acid 1)HCl  Hydrochloric acid 1)HF  Hydrofluoric acid

13 Naming Acids A polyatomic ion ending in –ate (name of polyatomic ion, minus –ate)ic acid 1)H 2 CO 3  (name of CO 3 2- ) ic acid

14 Naming Acids A polyatomic ion ending in –ate (name of polyatomic ion, minus –ate)ic acid 1)H 2 CO 3  Carbonic acid

15 Naming Acids A polyatomic ion ending in –ite (name of polyatomic ion, minus –ite)ous acid 1)HClO  (name of ClO - ) ous acid

16 Naming Acids A polyatomic ion ending in –ite (name of polyatomic ion, minus –ite)ous acid 1)HClO  Hypochlorous acid

17 Naming Acids Try a few on your own! 1.HClO 4 2.HClO 3 3.H 2 S 4.HNO 2 5.HCN 6.HI 7.H 2 SO 4

18 Naming Acids Try a few on your own! 1.HClO 4  perchloric acid 2.HClO 3  chloric acid 3.H 2 S  hydrosulfuric acid 4.HNO 2  nitrous acid 5.HCN  hydrocyanic acid 6.HI  hydroiodic acid 7.H 2 SO 4  sulfuric acid

19 Covalent Compounds A non-metal bonded to another non-metal

20 Covalent Compounds A non-metal bonded to another non-metal 1)Name first element (add a prefix if there is more than one of that element) 2)Add a prefix and write the name of the second element. Change the suffix to -ide

21 Covalent Compounds 1)Name first element (add a prefix if there is more than one of that element) 2)Add a prefix and write the name of the second element. Change the suffix to –ide Practice! 1)SO 2 2)N 2 O 4 3)P 4 O 10 4)NO 2 5)N 2 Cl 4

22 Covalent Compounds 1. Name first element (add a prefix if there is more than one of that element) 2. Add a prefix and write the name of the second element. Change the suffix to -ide 1) SO 2  sulfur dioxide 2) N 2 O 4  dinitrogen tetroxide 3) P 4 O 10  tetraphosphorous decoxide 4) NO 2  nitrogen dioxide 5) N 2 Cl 4  dinitrogen tetrachloride

23 Covalent Compounds 1)Name first element (add a prefix if there is more than one of that element) 2)Add a prefix and write the name of the second element. Change the suffix to -ide Practice! 6)SO 3 7)ClO 2 8)CS 2 9)XeF 2 10)S 2 Cl 2

24 Covalent Compounds 1)Name first element (add a prefix if there is more than one of that element) 2)Add a prefix and write the name of the second element. Change the suffix to -ide Practice! 6)SO 3  sulfur trioxide 7)ClO 2  chlorine dioxide 8)CS 2  chlorine dioxide 9)XeF 2  xenon difluoride 10)S 2 Cl 2  disulfur dichloride

25 Ionic Compounds This is a bond between a metal and non-metal OR involving a polyatomic ion (ex.  NH 4 + )

26 Ionic Compounds This is a bond between a metal and non-metal OR involving a polyatomic ion (ex.  NH 4 + ) 1)Write the name of the first element or polyatomic ion 2)Write the name of the second element or polyatomic ion. If it is an element change the ending to –ide 3)Add a roman numeral if the metal is a transition or inner transition metal (not in group 1A or 2A)  Exceptions: Ag 1+, Zn 2+, Al 3+

27 Ionic Compounds 1)NaCl 2)K 2 S 3)MgSO 4 4)Mn(OH) 2 5)Li 2 S 1)Write the name of the first element or polyatomic ion 2)Write the name of the second element or polyatomic ion. If it is an element change the ending to –ide 3)Add a roman numeral if the metal is a transition or inner transition metal (not in group 1A or 2A)  Exceptions: Ag 1+, Zn 2+, Al 3+

28 Ionic Compounds 1)NaCl  sodium chloride 2)K 2 S  potassium sulfide 3) MgSO 4  magnesium sulfate 4) Mn(OH) 2  manganese (II) hydroxide 5)Li 2 S  lithium sulfide 1)Write the name of the first element or polyatomic ion 2)Write the name of the second element or polyatomic ion. If it is an element change the ending to –ide 3)Add a roman numeral if the metal is a transition or inner transition metal (not in group 1A or 2A)  Exceptions: Ag 1+, Zn 2+, Al 3+

29 Ionic Compounds 6)CaBr 2 7)Ni(CN) 2 8)HgI 2 9)Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 10)TiCl 3 1)Write the name of the first element or polyatomic ion 2)Write the name of the second element or polyatomic ion. If it is an element change the ending to –ide 3)Add a roman numeral if the metal is a transition or inner transition metal (not in group 1A or 2A)  Exceptions: Ag 1+, Zn 2+, Al 3+

30 Ionic Compounds 6)CaBr 2  calcium bromide 7)Ni(CN) 2  nickel (II) cyanide 8) HgI 2  mercury (II) iodide 9) Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3  iron (III) sulfate 10)TiCl 3  titanium (III) chloride 1)Write the name of the first element or polyatomic ion 2)Write the name of the second element or polyatomic ion. If it is an element change the ending to –ide 3)Add a roman numeral if the metal is a transition or inner transition metal (not in group 1A or 2A)  Exceptions: Ag 1+, Zn 2+, Al 3+

31 Writing formulas!

32 Writing formulas First determine if it is an acid, a covalent compound or an ionic compound.

33 If it is an ACID 1.Write the symbol(s) for the negative part. Find the charge for the negative part (anion). 2.After you find the charge on the negative part (anion), ADD that many HYDROGENS to the front (with a subscript)

34 If it is an ACID 1.Write the symbol(s) for the negative part. Find the charge for the negative part (anion). 2.After you find the charge on the negative part (anion), ADD that many HYDROGENS to the front (with a subscript) Practice! 1.Hydrochloric acid 2.Nitrous acid 3.Acetic acid 4.Hydroselenic acid 5.Permanganic acid

35 If it is an ACID 1.Write the symbol(s) for the negative part. Find the charge for the negative part (anion). 2.After you find the charge on the negative part (anion), ADD that many HYDROGENS to the front (with a subscript) Practice! 1.Hydrochloric acid  HCl 2.Nitrous acid  HNO 2 3.Acetic acid  HC 2 H 3 O 2 4.Hydroselenic acid  H 2 Se 5.Permanganic acid  HMnO 4

36 If it is an ACID 1.Write the symbol(s) for the negative part. Find the charge for the negative part (anion). 2.After you find the charge on the negative part (anion), ADD that many HYDROGENS to the front (with a subscript) Practice! 6. Hypochlorous acid 7. Hydrocyanic acid 8. Chromic acid 9. Phosphoric acid 10. Hydrosulfuric acid

37 If it is an ACID 1.Write the symbol(s) for the negative part. Find the charge for the negative part (anion). 2.After you find the charge on the negative part (anion), ADD that many HYDROGENS to the front (with a subscript) Practice! 6. Hypochlorous acid  HClO 7. Hydrocyanic acid  HCN 8. Chromic acid  HCrO 4 9. Phosphoric acid  H 3 PO 4 10. Hydrosulfuric acid  H 2 S

38 If it is a COVALENT compound 1.Write the symbol for the first element. If there is a prefix add that number as the subscript. 2.Write the symbol for the second element. Add the prefix number as the subscript (if it’s not mono).

39 If it is a COVALENT compound 1.Write the symbol for the first element. If there is a prefix add that number as the subscript. 2.Write the symbol for the second element. Add the prefix number as the subscript (if it’s not mono) Practice! 1.Boron trichloride 2.Dinitrogen monoxide 3.Dihydrogen monoxide 4.Carbon monoxide 5.Carbon dioxide

40 If it is a COVALENT compound 1.Write the symbol for the first element. If there is a prefix add that number as the subscript. 2.Write the symbol for the second element. Add the prefix number as the subscript (if it’s not mono) Practice! 1.Boron trichloride  BCl 3 2.Dinitrogen monoxide  N 2 O 3.Dihydrogen monoxide  H 2 O 4.Carbon monoxide  CO 5.Carbon dioxide  CO 2

41 If it is a COVALENT compound 1.Write the symbol for the first element. If there is a prefix add that number as the subscript. 2.Write the symbol for the second element. Add the prefix number as the subscript (if it’s not mono) Practice! 6.Sulfur trioxide 7.Phosphorus trihydride 8.Diphosphorus tetrabromide 9.Silicon dioxide 10.Sulfur hexafluoride

42 If it is a COVALENT compound 1.Write the symbol for the first element. If there is a prefix add that number as the subscript. 2.Write the symbol for the second element. Add the prefix number as the subscript (if it’s not mono) Practice! 6.Sulfur trioxide  SO 3 7.Phosphorus trihydride  PH 3 8.Diphosphorus tetrabromide  P 2 Br 4 9.Silicon dioxide  SiO 2 10.Sulfur hexafluoride  SF 6

43 If it is an IONIC compound 1.Write the symbol and find the charge of the positive side (cation) 2.Write the symbol and write the charge of the negative side (anion) 3.Crisscross. Reduce if possible.

44 If it is an IONIC compound 1.Write the symbol and find the charge of the positive side (cation) 2.Write the symbol and write the charge of the negative side (anion) 3.Crisscross. Reduce if possible. Practice! 1.Sodium bromide 2.Lithium sulfide 3.Potassium iodide 4.Copper (II) chloride 5.Beryllium phosphide

45 If it is an IONIC compound 1.Write the symbol and find the charge of the positive side (cation) 2.Write the symbol and write the charge of the negative side (anion) 3.Crisscross. Reduce if possible. Practice! 1.Sodium bromide = NaBr 2.Lithium sulfide = Li 2 S 3.Potassium iodide = KI 4.Copper (II) chloride = CuCl 2 5.Beryllium phosphide = Be 3 P 2

46 If it is an IONIC compound 1.Write the symbol and find the charge of the positive side (cation) 2.Write the symbol and write the charge of the negative side (anion) 3.Crisscross. Reduce if possible. Practice! 6.Lead (II) nitrate 7.Calcium carbonate 8.Magnesium hydroxide 9.Sodium phosphate 10.Magnesium acetate

47 If it is an IONIC compound 1.Write the symbol and find the charge of the positive side (cation) 2.Write the symbol and write the charge of the negative side (anion) 3.Crisscross. Reduce if possible. Practice! 6.Lead (II) nitrate = Pb(NO 3 ) 2 7.Calcium carbonate = CaCO 3 8.Magnesium hydroxide = Mg(OH) 2 9.Sodium phosphate = Na 3 PO 4 10.Magnesium acetate = Mg(C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2

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