1. Vegetation management: Overtopping of 8-year old planted red pine by quaking aspen (naturally regenerated) (MN)

2. Vegetation management: Red pine plantation w/ limited site preparation and no release treatments, 6 years after planting w/ quaking aspen competition (MN)

3. Vegetation management: Neighboring stand shows amount of understory vegetation that will compete with tree seedlings

4. Vegetation management using chainsaws

5. Vegetation management: Manual weed control

6. Vegetation management: Unsuccessful girdling (MN)

7. Herbicide application w/ bark applicator; quaking aspen (MN)

8. Vegetation management: Herbicide application by spraying stem

9. Vegetation management: Ground application w/ skidder (over aspen)

10. Vegetation management: Girdeling followed by herbicide application to kill larger trees (MN)

11. Vegetation management: Spot herbicide application as release treatments stove pipes prevent damage to seedlings

12. Vegetation management: Specialized equipment for herbicide application in understory