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Published byElinor West Modified over 9 years ago
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Cities were dark, unsafe and dirty › No sewage disposal Doctors were poorly trained and misunderstood the basics of health and human anatomy › Church did not allow autopsies The Plague, caused by bacteria, began in Asia and originally spread along trading routes
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1. Fleas bite infected rats 2. Bacteria multiplies in rat’s intestines 3. Rat’s intestines quit functioning; rat dies; flea jumps to new host filled with infected blood 4. Flea bites human (new host); bacteria from the rat’s blood now enters human blood stream 5. Human is now infected with the plague
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Bubonic: 30-75% chance of death* › body sores & flu symptoms Pneumonic: 95% chance of death › bacteria attacked the lungs Septicemic: 100% chance of death › bacteria attacked the blood cells *based on what area you lived in
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“Bleeding”—cut veins to let the blood drain out or put leeches on the skin to suck their blood › Barbers doubled as doctors in the middle ages Burned aromatic woods Special diets (avoid foods that smell bad) Medicine made with gold, pearls & roses Breathing through hankies with herbs and flowers to keep from getting the illness
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1. 25 million dead - 1/3 of Europe’s population 2. Huge labor shortages › Demanded higher wages & were refused › Led to many revolts 3. Increased standard of living for survivors › Inherited land & less competition for resources 4. Many felt abandoned by God › Weakened the power of the Church
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1) Freedom—anyone who lived in a town for one year and one day was free (aka: no longer serfs indentured to the manor) 2) Exemption—did not have to work on a manor 3) Town Justice—court system free from the King’s justice 4) Commercial Privileges—right to own a business, to buy, sell and trade
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CRAFT GUILD One guild for every different craft Set wages, hours & working conditions Helped members & their families in need Protected its members * Made the goods MERCHANT GUILD One per town Merchants must pay a fee to trade in a town Helped members & their families (especially widows) Protected its members * Sold & traded the goods
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Apprentice Young boys Lived with a master Learned the craft For 5 to 9 years Master Worker Must complete a masterpiece (work worthy of a master) Guild must approve the piece Open his own shop Journeyman Paid Wages Continued to live with/work for master until finished masterpiece
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