1. Biology Problem Based Learning Done By: Lee Yi Liang 3S213 Marcus Tan 3S216

2. Introduction A well balanced diet is essential for proper growth and development of the student However, students often neglect their health and nutritional requirement –Food is chosen based on the shortest queue –Cost of the food is also considered

3. Target Audience For this PBL, our group has targeted students that are of age 14-16 years old –Most are undergoing/ undergone puberty –Nutrition is essential for the growth and development, especially at this stage Our group has also chosen students who take part in performing arts activities –Moderate levels of activity

4. Nutrition needed 2500 calories a day –Equivalent to 800 calories per meal at the school canteen 3 servings of carbohydrates 1 serving of vegetables and fruit 1 serving of dairy products 1 serving of meat products

5. Stall No.4 Chicken Rice Our group has decided to analyse the nutritional value of the food sold the Chicken Rice Stall Chicken rice is always chosen by students due to the fact that it has the shortest queue and the food there is the cheapest The meal comes with 1 bowl of flavoured rice, gravy and 6-8 pieces of chicken Side dishes such as bean sprouts, egg may also be added

6. Chicken rice is rather unhealthy due to the high fat and salt content present in the chicken Vegetables and fruits are not provided, thus the meal is also lacking in fibre, vitamins and minerals Thirdly, after much calculation, our group found that the meal provides only 370 calories, which is definitely not enough for the students’ needs

7. In a nutshell… Vitamin C is essential for protecting the body against pollutants Vitamin D facilitates absorption of calcium and phosphorus, which is also important for the development of bones and muscles Fibre helps in bowel movement Without all of these nutrients, the student body will not function healthily and their immune system is lowered, affecting their development Necessity of nutrients

8. Designed Meal Our group aims to provide the essential nutrients that the chicken rice meal lack, yet take into consideration the preparation and cost of the meal. After much consideration, our group has come up a 3 course set meal for students, including appetizer, a soup and a main course

9. Students will be given 2 choices: 1) Achar –Consists of long beans, cucumber, carrot, pineapple and anchovies –Provides vitamin C, calcium and fivre –Comes in a small bowl of roughly 50g, prepared beforehand –Provides roughly 30 calories Appetizer

10. 2) Salad –Not a very popular choice among students, but is still essential for their growth –Consists of leafy vegetables such as lettuce, and fruits such as apple and tomato –Lots of vitamin C will be provided –Comes in a small bowl of roughly 30g, prepared and cooled beforehand –Roughly provides 200 calories

11. Soup of the Day A different vegetable soup will be introduced everyday of the week Inclusive of carrots, corn, tomato, mushrooms, potatoes, seaweed and egg, which contain a variety of vitamins and minerals essential for the body Anchovies will be used as a soup base because of its high calcium and vitamin D content Roughly 50-100 calories will be provided

12. Our group has decided to use spinach noodles with chicken shreds Spinach noodles contains high amounts of carbohydrates, whereas chicken shreds are chosen as they do not come with skin and so are high in protein and low in fat Vegetables such as leafy green vegetables and mushrooms will be used since they also increase the vitamins and nutrients provided by the meal The course alone provides up to 550- 800 calories Main Course

13. How is it prepared Achar can be bought easily, or alternatively prepared by hand. It can be kept for a long time Salad can be prepared on the day itself, to ensure crispness and freshness of the vegetables Soup will have to be brewed early in the morning, but the processes will not be too difficult Chicken shreds can be prepared beforehand, while spinach noodles are considered easy to prepare

14. In total, the meal will cost $2.50, although expensive, it is much worth it than the food sold by other stalls Compared to the original meal, the designed meal is much more healthy with vegetables and fruits included, and a higher percentage of nutrients and minerals Balanced meal with the right amount of required nutrients Students will have a stronger immune system and healthy development, and become healthier in the long run

15. Thank You References 1)http://www.images.google.com 2)http://life.familyeducation.com/nutrition-and- diet/growth-and- development/44301.html?page=3&detoured=1 3)http://www.healthcrazed.com/articles/calorie-chart.htm http://dailyburn.com/recipes/hainanese_chicken_rice 4)http://www.starship.org.nz/Diabetes/Carbohydrate%20 and%20Sport%20Intakes.doc 5)http://www.calorie-counter.net/calories-pasta- noodles/spinach-noodles.htm